Abnormal platelet immunophenotypes and percentage of giant platelets in myelodysplastic syndrome: A pilot study

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 17; no. 11; p. e0278040
• Main Authors: Wu, Yi-Feng, Gu, Ming-Huei, Liu, Chao-Zong, Huang, Wei-Han, Chu, Sung-Chao, Wang, Tso-Fu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 21-11-2022; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Analysis; Anemia; Antibodies; Antigen presentation; Antigens; Antigens, Human Platelet; Antigens, Surface - metabolism; Antimitotic agents; Antineoplastic agents; Biology and Life Sciences; Blood cells; Blood platelets; Blood Platelets - metabolism; Blood tests; Bone marrow; Care and treatment; CD36 antigen; Diagnosis; Diameters; Dosage and administration; Enzyme inhibitors; Flow cytometry; Forward scattering; Glycoproteins; Health risks; Hematopoietic stem cells; Hemoglobin; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Medical records; Medicine and Health Sciences; Molecular targeted therapy; Myelodysplastic syndrome; Myelodysplastic syndromes; Myelodysplastic Syndromes - diagnosis; Patient outcomes; Pilot Projects; Platelets; Research and Analysis Methods; Risk; Risk factors; Risk groups; Stem cells; Thrombocytopenia; Taiwan; United States > US
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278040

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous hematopoietic stem cell disorder with thrombocytopenia. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping of blood cells has been instrumental in diagnosis as co-criteria, but the data regarding platelets remains lacking. This study aims to determine if there is a difference in surface antigen levels on platelets by comparing surface antigen levels in MDS patients and healthy control subjects. Concurrently, as flow cytometric gating can reveal the diameter of cells, this study will investigate differences in giant platelet percentage by comparing these percentages in high- and low-risk MDS patients.
Twenty newly diagnosed MDS patients were enrolled in this study. Platelet surface antigen levels were determined by measuring the binding capacity of antibodies with flow cytometry.
Platelets of MDS patients were shown to have a lower level of CD61 and higher levels of CD31 and CD36 than healthy controls. Judged by forward scatter (FSC), MDS patients' platelets appeared to be larger than those of healthy control subjects, whereas the MFI adjusted by diameter (MFI/FSC ratio) of CD31, CD41a, CD42a, CD42b and CD61 on platelets were lower in MDS patients than in healthy control subjects. There was a significant quantity of giant platelets found in MDS patients, and the high-risk MDS patients tended to have a higher percentage of giant platelets than low-risk patients. Conclusions: All the results indicate that MDS patients exhibit a lower antigen presentation (MFI) adjusted by diameter on platelets than healthy controls and the giant platelets detected by flow cytometry might correlate with the condition of MDS.