A Review of Near-Collision Driver Behavior Models

• Published in: Human factors Vol. 54; no. 6; pp. 1117 - 1143
• Main Authors: Markkula, Gustav, Benderius, Ola, Wolff, Krister, Wahde, Mattias
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01-12-2012; Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
• Subjects: Accidental collisions; accidents; Accidents, Traffic - prevention & control; Applied psychology; Attention; Automobile drivers; Automobile Driving; Avoidance; Behavior; Biological and medical sciences; Braking; Collision avoidance; Collision avoidance systems; collisions; Computer Simulation; crashes; Device driver programs; driver behavior; Driving ability; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Mathematical models; Mental Processes; Motor Skills; Neural Networks (Computer); Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychophysiology; Reaction Time; Safety; simulation; Space life sciences; Steering; Traffic accidents & safety; Transportation. City planning; models; collisions; simulation; crashes; accidents; avoidance; driver behavior; Human; Simulation; Vehicle driving; Traffic accident; Models; Review; Behavior; Avoidance
• ISSN: 0018-7208; 1547-8181; 1547-8181
• DOI: 10.1177/0018720812448474

Objective:
This article provides a review of recent models of driver behavior in on-road collision situations.
Background:
In efforts to improve traffic safety, computer simulation of accident situations holds promise as a valuable tool, for both academia and industry. However, to ensure the validity of simulations, models are needed that accurately capture near-crash driver behavior, as observed in real traffic or driving experiments.
Method:
Scientific articles were identified by a systematic approach, including extensive database searches. Criteria for inclusion were defined and applied, including the requirement that models should have been previously applied to simulate on-road collision avoidance behavior. Several selected models were implemented and tested in selected scenarios.
Results:
The reviewed articles were grouped according to a rough taxonomy based on main emphasis, namely avoidance by braking, avoidance by steering, avoidance by a combination of braking and steering, effects of driver states and characteristics on avoidance, and simulation platforms.
Conclusion:
A large number of near-collision driver behavior models have been proposed. Validation using human driving data has often been limited, but exceptions exist. The research field appears fragmented, but simulation-based comparison indicates that there may be more similarity between models than what is apparent from the model equations. Further comparison of models is recommended.
Application:
This review provides traffic safety researchers with an overview of the field of driver models for collision situations. Specifically, researchers aiming to develop simulations of on-road collision accident situations can use this review to find suitable starting points for their work.