Eddy/Wind Interactions Stimulate Extraordinary Mid-Ocean Plankton Blooms

• Published in: Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 316; no. 5827; pp. 1021 - 1026
• Main Authors: McGillicuddy, Dennis J. Jr, Anderson, Laurence A, Bates, Nicholas R, Bibby, Thomas, Buesseler, Ken O, Carlson, Craig A, Davis, Cabell S, Ewart, Courtney, Falkowski, Paul G, Goldthwait, Sarah A, Hansell, Dennis A, Jenkins, William J, Johnson, Rodney, Kosnyrev, Valery K, Ledwell, James R, Li, Qian P, Siegel, David A, Steinberg, Deborah K
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Association for the Advancement of Science 18-05-2007; The American Association for the Advancement of Science
• Subjects: Animal and plant ecology; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Animals; Atlantic Ocean; Bacillariophyceae; Bats; Biological and medical sciences; Biomass; Biomass production; Carbon - analysis; Chlorophyll - analysis; Chlorophylls; Cyanobacteria - growth & development; Cyanobacteria - physiology; Cyclones; Diatoms; Diatoms - growth & development; Ecosystem; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Geologic Sediments; Marine; Ocean circulation; Ocean-atmosphere interaction; Oceans; Oxygen; Oxygen - analysis; Photosynthesis; Phytoplankton - growth & development; Phytoplankton - physiology; Plankton; Plankton - growth & development; Plankton - physiology; Primary productivity; Sea water ecosystems; Seasons; Seawater - chemistry; Synecology; Upwelling water; Water Movements; Wind; Zooplankton - growth & development; Zooplankton - physiology; Bermuda; Atlantic Ocean Islands; Atlantic Ocean; Northwest Atlantic; United States > US; ANW, Atlantic, Bermuda; Marine environment; Chlorophyll; Wind; Primary productivity; Interaction; Bloom; Nutrient; Phytoplankton; Upwelling; Biomass; Transport
• ISSN: 0036-8075; 1095-9203
• DOI: 10.1126/science.1136256

Episodic eddy-driven upwelling may supply a significant fraction of the nutrients required to sustain primary productivity of the subtropical ocean. New observations in the northwest Atlantic reveal that, although plankton blooms occur in both cyclones and mode-water eddies, the biological responses differ. Mode-water eddies can generate extraordinary diatom biomass and primary production at depth, relative to the time series near Bermuda. These blooms are sustained by eddy/wind interactions, which amplify the eddy-induced upwelling. In contrast, eddy/wind interactions dampen eddy-induced upwelling in cyclones. Carbon export inferred from oxygen anomalies in eddy cores is one to three times as much as annual new production for the region.