Screening and Brief Intervention for Underage Drinkers

• Published in: Mayo Clinic proceedings Vol. 85; no. 4; pp. 380 - 391
• Main Authors: Clark, Duncan B., MD, PhD, Gordon, Adam J., MD, MPH, Ettaro, Lorraine R., PhD, MPH, Owens, Jill M., MD, Moss, Howard B., MD
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Rochester, MN Elsevier Inc 01-04-2010; Mayo Foundation; Elsevier, Inc; Elsevier Limited; Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adolescent Health Services - organization & administration; Alcohol and youth; Alcoholism - diagnosis; Alcoholism - epidemiology; Alcoholism - prevention & control; Biological and medical sciences; Community Networks - organization & administration; Control; Female; General aspects; Health Education - organization & administration; Humans; Internal Medicine; Male; Mass Screening - organization & administration; Medical sciences; Medical screening; Methods; Patient Education as Topic - organization & administration; Prevention and actions; Preventive Health Services - organization & administration; Public health. Hygiene; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine; Quality Assurance, Health Care; Review; United States - epidemiology; Young Adult; United States; AUDIT; ADHD; CAGE; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; alcohol use disorder; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; DSM-IV-TR; NIAAA; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; SBIRT; Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener; SAMHSA; AUDIT-C; AUD; CRAFFT; Care, Relax, Alone, Family, Friends, Trouble; Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test–Consumption; Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test; screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( Fourth Edition, Text Revision); Medicine; Alcoholic beverage; Medical screening; Brief intervention
• ISSN: 0025-6196; 1942-5546
• DOI: 10.4065/mcp.2008.0638

In a 2007 report, the US Surgeon General called for health care professionals to renew efforts to reduce underage drinking. Focusing on the adolescent patient, this review provides health care professionals with recommendations for alcohol-related screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment. MEDLINE and published reviews were used to identify relevant literature. Several brief screening methods have been shown to effectively identify underage drinkers likely to have alcohol use disorders. After diagnostic assessment when germane, the initial intervention typically focuses on education, motivation for change, and consideration of treatment options. Internet-accessible resources providing effective brief interventions are available, along with supplemental suggestions for parents. Recent changes in federal and commercial insurance reimbursement policies provide some fiscal support for these services, although rate increases and expanded applicability may be required to prompt the participation of many practitioners. Nevertheless, advances in clinical methods and progress on reimbursement policies have made screening and brief intervention for underage drinking more feasible in general health care practice.