The Orphan Nuclear Receptor TLX/NR2E1 in Neural Stem Cells and Diseases

• Published in: Neuroscience bulletin Vol. 32; no. 1; pp. 108 - 114
• Main Authors: Wang, Tao, Xiong, Jian-Qiong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Singapore Springer Singapore 01-02-2016; Springer
• Subjects: Anatomy; Anesthesiology; Animals; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Brain Diseases - metabolism; Drosophila; Genes; Human Physiology; Humans; Mice; Neural Stem Cells - metabolism; Neurogenesis - physiology; Neurology; Neurosciences; Pain Medicine; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - metabolism; Review; Stem cells; 中枢神经系统; 同系物; 基因编码; 早期胚胎发育; 核受体; 疾病; 神经发生; 神经干细胞; TLX; Neurogenesis; Neural stem cell
• ISSN: 1673-7067; 1995-8218
• DOI: 10.1007/s12264-015-0004-7

The human TLX gene encodes an orphan nuclear receptor predominantly expressed in the central nervous system. Tailess and Tlx, the TLX homologues in Drosophila and mouse, play essential roles in body-pattern formation and neurogenesis during early embryogenesis and perform crucial functions in maintaining stemness and controlling the differentiation of adult neural stem cells in the central nervous system, especially the visual system. Multiple target genes and signaling pathways are regulated by TLX and its homologues in specific tissues during various developmental stages. This review aims to sum- marize previous studies including many recent updates from different aspects concerning TLX and its homologues in Drosophila and mouse.