Novel Human Adenovirus Causing Nosocomial Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis

• Published in: Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 46; no. 6; pp. 2002 - 2008
• Main Authors: Ishiko, Hiroaki, Shimada, Yasushi, Konno, Tsunetada, Hayashi, Akio, Ohguchi, Takeshi, Tagawa, Yoshitsugu, Aoki, Koki, Ohno, Shigeaki, Yamazaki, Shudo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Society for Microbiology 01-06-2008; American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
• Subjects: Adenovirus Infections, Human - epidemiology; Adenovirus Infections, Human - virology; Adenoviruses, Human - classification; Adenoviruses, Human - genetics; Adenoviruses, Human - isolation & purification; Biological and medical sciences; Capsid Proteins - genetics; Conjunctivitis, Viral - epidemiology; Conjunctivitis, Viral - virology; Cross Infection - epidemiology; Cross Infection - virology; Disease Outbreaks; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Human adenovirus; Humans; Japan; Keratoconjunctivitis - epidemiology; Keratoconjunctivitis - virology; Microbiology; Miscellaneous; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Virology; Japan; Nosocomial infection; Adenoviridae; Microbiology; Keratopathy; Conjunctiva disease; Infection; Virus; Eye disease; Viral disease; Human adenovirus; Mastadenovirus; Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis; Anterior segment disease
• ISSN: 0095-1137; 1098-660X; 1098-5530
• DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01835-07

In 2000, we encountered cases of nosocomial infections with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) at a university hospital in Kobe, in the western part of Japan. Two human adenovirus (HAdV) strains, Kobe-H and Kobe-S, were isolated from patients with nosocomial EKC infection. They were untypeable by existing neutralizing antisera; however, the isolate was neutralized with homologous antisera. We then encountered several cases of EKC due to nosocomial infections in eye clinics in different parts of Japan. A total of 80 HAdVs were isolated from patients with EKC at eight different hospitals. The partial hexon gene sequences of the isolates were determined and compared to those of the prototype strains of 51 serotypes. All isolates had identical partial hexon nucleotide sequences. Phylogenetic analysis classified these isolates into species of HAdV-D. The isolates showed 93.9 to 96.7% nucleotide identity with HAdV-D prototype strains, while all 32 HAdV-D prototype strains ranged from 93.2 to 99.2% identity. The sequences of the loop 2 and fiber knob regions from the representative strain, Kobe-H, were dissimilar in all prototype strains of 51 serotypes. We believe that this virus is a novel serotype of HAdV that causes EKC.