Regulation of L-proline biosynthesis, signal transduction, transport, accumulation and its vital role in plants during variable environmental conditions

• Published in: Heliyon Vol. 5; no. 12; p. e02952
• Main Authors: Meena, Mukesh, Divyanshu, Kumari, Kumar, Sunil, Swapnil, Prashant, Zehra, Andleeb, Shukla, Vaishali, Yadav, Mukesh, Upadhyay, R.S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01-12-2019; Elsevier
• Subjects: Biochemistry; Cell biology; Cellular mechanisms; Environmental stresses; L-proline; Molecular biology; Osmoprotectant; Plant biology; Signal transduction; Cellular mechanisms; Signal transduction; Osmoprotectant; L-proline; Environmental stresses; Cell biology; Plant biology; Biochemistry; Molecular biology
• ISSN: 2405-8440; 2405-8440
• DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02952

In response to various environmental stresses, many plant species synthesize L-proline in the cytosol and accumulates in the chloroplasts. L-Proline accumulation in plants is a well-recognized physiological reaction to osmotic stress prompted by salinity, drought and other abiotic stresses. L-Proline plays several protective functions such as osmoprotectant, stabilizing cellular structures, enzymes, and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), and keeps up redox balance in adverse situations. In addition, ample-studied osmoprotective capacity, L-proline has been also ensnared in the regulation of plant improvement, including flowering, pollen, embryo, and leaf enlargement.
Albeit, ample is now well-known about L-proline metabolism, but certain characteristics of its biological roles are still indistinct. In the present review, we discuss the L-proline accumulation, metabolism, signaling, transport and regulation in the plants. We also discuss the effects of exogenous L-proline during different environmental conditions. L-Proline biosynthesis and catabolism are controlled by several cellular mechanisms, of which we identify only very fewer mechanisms. So, in the future, there is a requirement to identify such types of cellular mechanisms.
L-Proline; Osmoprotectant; Environmental stresses; Cellular mechanisms; Signal transduction, Biochemistry, Molecular biology, Cell Biology, Plant Biology.