Consumption of Saturated Fat Impairs the Anti-Inflammatory Properties of High-Density Lipoproteins and Endothelial Function

• Published in: Journal of the American College of Cardiology Vol. 48; no. 4; pp. 715 - 720
• Main Authors: Nicholls, Stephen J., Lundman, Pia, Harmer, Jason A., Cutri, Belinda, Griffiths, Kaye A., Rye, Kerry-Anne, Barter, Philip J., Celermajer, David S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 15-08-2006; Elsevier Science; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Adult; Biological and medical sciences; Biomarkers - metabolism; Bones, joints and connective tissue. Antiinflammatory agents; Cardiology; Cardiology. Vascular system; Cell adhesion & migration; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL - immunology; Cholesterol, HDL - metabolism; Cullin Proteins - metabolism; Dietary Fats - adverse effects; Endothelium, Vascular - metabolism; Fatty acids; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Inflammation; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - metabolism; Male; Meals; Medical sciences; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; Middle Aged; Oils & fats; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Postprandial Period; Receptors, Vasopressin - metabolism; HDL; VCAM-1; ICAM-1; FMD; apoA-I; Consumption; High; Adipose tissue; Antiinflammatory agent; Circulatory system; Lipoprotein; Endothelial function; Cardiology; Properties; Density; Phlebology
• ISSN: 0735-1097; 1558-3597; 1558-3597
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2006.04.080

Consumption of Saturated Fat Impairs the Anti-Inflammatory Properties of High-Density Lipoproteins and Endothelial Function
Stephen J. Nicholls, Pia Lundman, Jason A. Harmer, Belinda Cutri, Kaye A. Griffiths, Kerry-Anne Rye, Philip J. Barter, David S. Celermajer
The effect of consuming a meal containing a polyunsaturated or a saturated fat on the antiinflammatory properties of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and vascular function was investigated. Consumption of a meal containing saturated fat reduced the antiinflammatory potential of HDL and impaired arterial endothelial function, whereas the antiinflammatory potential of HDL improved after consumption of polyunsaturated fat. These results suggest that the fatty acid composition of a meal influences the antiinflammatory potential of HDL and endothelial function, both key factors in atherogenesis.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of dietary fatty acids on the anti-inflammatory properties of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and vascular function.
The effect of dietary fatty acids on atherogenesis remains uncertain.
Fourteen adults consumed an isocaloric meal containing either a polyunsaturated or a saturated fat on 2 occasions. The effects of post-prandial HDL on endothelial cell expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were determined. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and microvascular reactivity were assessed before and 3 and 6 h after the meal.
Plasma triglycerides, insulin, and nonesterified fatty acids rose after the meals. The HDL collected 6 h after the saturated meal were less effective than HDL isolated from fasting plasma in terms of their ability to inhibit expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, whereas HDL collected 6 h after the polyunsaturated meal had an inhibitory activity that was greater than that of HDL collected from fasting plasma (p < 0.004 and p = 0.01 for comparison of effect of meals on ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, respectively). Post-hyperemic microvascular flow significantly increased at 3 h after the polyunsaturated meal by 45 ± 14% and by 21 ± 11% after the saturated meal. The FMD decreased 3 h after the saturated meal by 2.2 ± 0.9% (p< 0.05 compared with baseline) and by 0.9 ± 1% after the polyunsaturated meal.
Consumption of a saturated fat reduces the anti-inflammatory potential of HDL and impairs arterial endothelial function. In contrast, the anti-inflammatory activity of HDL improves after consumption of polyunsaturated fat. These findings highlight novel mechanisms by which different dietary fatty acids may influence key atherogenic processes.