Vaccination against tuberculosis, polio and hepatitis B at birth in Podor health district, Northern Senegal: cross-sectional study of vaccination coverage and its associated factors

• Published in: BMC public health Vol. 22; no. 1; p. 110
• Main Authors: Bassoum, Oumar, Sougou, Ndeye Mareme, Ba, Mouhamadou Faly, Anne, Malick, Bocoum, Mamoudou, Dieye, Alioune, Sokhna, Cheikh, Tal-Dia, Anta
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 15-01-2022; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Bacteriology; BCG Vaccine; Birth; Birth Doses; Cardiology and cardiovascular system; Care and treatment; Chi-square test; Child; Community involvement; Cross-Sectional Studies; Distribution; Emerging diseases; Health care facilities; Health facilities; Health services; Hepatitis; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B - epidemiology; Hepatitis B - prevention & control; Hepatitis B vaccine; Hepatitis B Vaccines; Hospital facilities; Human health and pathology; Humans; Immunization; Immunization Programs; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infants; Infectious diseases; Life Sciences; Medical personnel; Microbiology and Parasitology; Parasitology; Poliomyelitis; Poliomyelitis - epidemiology; Poliomyelitis - prevention & control; Poliomyelitis vaccine; Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral; Population studies; Public health; Senegal; Statistical tests; Statistics; Television; Timely; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis vaccines; Vaccination; Vaccination Coverage; Vaccines; Virology; Senegal; Africa; Vaccination Coverage; Birth Doses; Timely; Senegal
• ISSN: 1471-2458; 1471-2458
• DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12535-z

In Senegal, studies focusing specifically on vaccination coverage with the Bacille de Calmette et Guérin (BCG) vaccine, the birth dose of oral polio vaccine (OPV zero dose) and the birth dose of hepatitis B (HepB-BD) vaccine are insufficient. This study aimed to highlight vaccination coverages with birth doses and factors associated with timely vaccination in Podor health district.
A cross-sectional study was carried out from June 19 to 22, 2020. The study population consisted of children aged 12 to 23 months of which 832 were included. A stratified two-stage cluster survey was carried out. The sources of data were home-based records (HBR), health facility registries (HFR) and parental recalls. Timely vaccination refers to any vaccination that has taken place within 24 h after birth. Descriptive analyzes, the chi-square test and logistic regression were performed.
The crude vaccination coverages with BCG, OPV zero dose and HepB-BD were 95.2%, 88.3% and 88.1%, respectively. Vaccination coverages within 24 h after birth were estimated at 13.9%, 30% and 42.1%, respectively. The factors associated with timely HepB-BD are delivery in a health facility (AOR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.02-2.40), access to television (AOR = 1.63; 95% CI = 1.16-2.29), weighing (AOR = 3.92; 95% CI = 1.97-8.53) and hospitalization of the newborn immediately after birth (AOR = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.28-0.62).
Timely administration of birth doses is a challenge in the Podor health district. The solutions would be improving geographic access to health facilities, involving community health workers, raising awareness and integrating health services.