Food readjustment plus exercise training improves cardiovascular autonomic control and baroreflex sensitivity in high‐fat diet‐fed ovariectomized mice

• Published in: Physiological reports Vol. 11; no. 5; pp. e15609 - n/a
• Main Authors: Nascimento‐Carvalho, Bruno, Dos‐Santos, Adriano, Da Costa‐Santos, Nicolas, Carvalho, Sabrina L., Moraes, Oscar A., Santos, Camila P., De Angelis, Katia, Caperuto, Erico C., Irigoyen, Maria‐Claudia, Scapini, Katia B., Sanches, Iris C.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-03-2023; John Wiley and Sons Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: Animals; Autonomic nervous system; Baroreceptors; Baroreflex - physiology; Blood pressure; Blood Pressure - physiology; Body composition; Body fat; Bradycardia; Cardiac arrhythmia; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular system; Cytokines; Diet; Diet, High-Fat; Drug dosages; Exercise; Female; Fitness equipment; Fitness training programs; Food; food adjustment; Glucose; Glucose tolerance; Heart rate; Heart Rate - physiology; Hemodynamics; High fat diet; Hormones; Hypertension; Inflammation; Insulin resistance; Interleukin 10; Interleukin 6; Lipids; Menopause; Metabolism; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Obesity; Oophorectomy; Original; Ovariectomy; Performance evaluation; Phenylephrine; Physical Conditioning, Animal - physiology; Physical fitness; Physical training; Physiology; Reflexes; Reproductive status; Risk factors; Running; Sodium nitroprusside; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; autonomic nervous system; menopause; inflammation; food adjustment; physical training
• ISSN: 2051-817X
• DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15609

Despite consensus on the benefits of food readjustment and/or moderate‐intensity continuous exercise in the treatment of cardiometabolic risk factors, there is little evidence of the association between these two cardiovascular risk management strategies after menopause. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of food readjustment and/or exercise training on metabolic, hemodynamic, autonomic, and inflammatory parameters in a model of loss of ovarian function with diet‐induced obesity. Forty C57BL/6J ovariectomized mice were divided into the following groups: high‐fat diet‐fed ‐ 60% lipids throughout the protocol (HF), food readjustment ‐ 60% lipids for 5 weeks, readjusted to 10% for the next 5 weeks (FR), high‐fat diet‐fed undergoing moderate‐intensity exercise training (HFT), and food readjustment associated with moderate‐intensity exercise training (FRT). Blood glucose evaluations and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed. Blood pressure was assessed by direct intra‐arterial measurement. Baroreflex sensitivity was tested using heart rate phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside induced blood pressure changes. Cardiovascular autonomic modulation was evaluated in time and frequency domains. Inflammatory profile was evaluated by IL‐6, IL‐10 cytokines, and TNF‐alpha measurements. Only the exercise training associated with food readjustment strategy induced improved functional capacity, body composition, metabolic parameters, inflammatory profile, and resting bradycardia, while positively changing cardiovascular autonomic modulation and increasing baroreflex sensitivity. Our findings demonstrate that the association of these strategies seems to be effective in the management of cardiometabolic risk in a model of loss of ovarian function with diet‐induced obesity.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of food readjustment and/or exercise training on metabolic, hemodynamic, autonomic, and inflammatory parameters in a model of loss of ovarian function with diet‐induced obesity. The findings of the present study lend support to the hypothesis that exercise training and food readjustment promote specific benefits in some of the evaluated parameters. However, only the association of food readjustment with exercise training was effective in promoting metabolic, hemodynamic, autonomic, and inflammatory benefits in a model of loss of ovarian function with diet‐induced obesity.