Mechanical stretching boosts expansion and regeneration of intestinal organoids through fueling stem cell self-renewal

• Published in: Cell regeneration Vol. 11; no. 1; p. 39
• Main Authors: Meng, Fanlu, Shen, Congcong, Yang, Li, Ni, Chao, Huang, Jianyong, Lin, Kaijun, Cao, Zanxia, Xu, Shicai, Cui, Wanling, Wang, Xiaoxin, Zhou, Bailing, Xiong, Chunyang, Wang, Jihua, Zhao, Bing
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Singapore Springer Nature Singapore 02-11-2022; Springer Nature B.V; SpringerOpen
• Subjects: Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Cell Biology; Cell culture; Cell division; Cell growth; Cell proliferation; Cell self-renewal; Developmental biology; Engineering biointerface for organ regeneration; Epithelium; Gene expression; Growth factors; Homeostasis; Intestinal organoid; Intestine; Laboratories; Lgr5+ stem cell; Life Sciences; Mechanical properties; Mechanical stretching; Microenvironments; Morphogenesis; Organoids; Progenitor cells; Regeneration; Regenerative medicine; Research Article; Sox9 protein; Stem Cells; Wnt protein; Wnt/β-catenin signaling; β-Catenin; Wnt/β-catenin signaling; Regeneration; Lgr5; stem cell; Intestinal organoid; Mechanical stretching
• ISSN: 2045-9769; 2045-9769
• DOI: 10.1186/s13619-022-00137-4

Intestinal organoids, derived from intestinal stem cell self-organization, recapitulate the tissue structures and behaviors of the intestinal epithelium, which hold great potential for the study of developmental biology, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. The intestinal epithelium is exposed to dynamic mechanical forces which exert profound effects on gut development. However, the conventional intestinal organoid culture system neglects the key role of mechanical microenvironments but relies solely on biological factors. Here, we show that adding cyclic stretch to intestinal organoid cultures remarkably up-regulates the signature gene expression and proliferation of intestinal stem cells. Furthermore, mechanical stretching stimulates the expansion of SOX9
+
progenitors by activating the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling. These data demonstrate that the incorporation of mechanical stretch boosts the stemness of intestinal stem cells, thus benefiting organoid growth. Our findings have provided a way to optimize an organoid generation system through understanding cross-talk between biological and mechanical factors, paving the way for the application of mechanical forces in organoid-based models.