Associations of cytokines, sleep patterns, and neurocognitive function in youth with HIV infection

• Published in: Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) Vol. 144; no. 1; pp. 13 - 23
• Main Authors: Foster, Samuel B, Lu, Ming, Glaze, Daniel G, Reuben, James M, Harris, Lynnette L, Cohen, Evan N, Lee, Bang-Ning, Zhao, Enxu, Paul, Mary E, Schwarzwald, Heidi, McMullen-Jackson, Chivon, Clark, Charla, Armstrong, F. Daniel, Brouwers, Pim Y, Miller, Tracie L, Colin, Andrew A, Scott, Gwendolyn B, Shahzeidi, Shahriar, Willen, Elizabeth J, Asthana, Deshratn, Lipshultz, Steven E, Thompson, Bruce W, Shearer, William T
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier Inc 01-07-2012; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adolescent; Allergy and Immunology; Biological and medical sciences; Blood; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; Child; Child Behavior Disorders - etiology; Cognition; Cognition Disorders - etiology; Cohort Studies; Cytokines; Cytokines - blood; Daytime; Executive Function; Fatigue; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fundamental immunology; gamma -Interferon; HIV Infections - blood; HIV Infections - complications; HIV Infections - immunology; HIV Infections - physiopathology; Human immunodeficiency virus; Human viral diseases; Humans; Immunodeficiencies; Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies; Immunopathology; Infection; Infectious diseases; Inflammation; Interleukin 12; Intracellular cytokines; Male; Medical sciences; Memory; Memory - physiology; Neurocognition; Neurodevelopment; Neuropsychological Tests; Path analysis; Pediatric HIV infection; Quality of life; Sleep; Sleep - physiology; Sleep behavior; Tumor necrosis factor- alpha; Vigilance; Viral diseases; Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids; Holtz Children's Hospital; Pediatric HIV infection; human immunodeficiency virus type-1; phorbol myristate acetate; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; General Clinical Research Center; NDF; IFN-γ; neurodevelopment factor; interleukin; Texas Children's Hospital; Path analysis; interferon gamma; IL; AF; PMA; Sleep behavior; GCRC; HCH; BCM; ICF; actigraphy factor; SEB; Intracellular cytokines; HIV; TNF-α; intracellular cytokine factor; TCH; Neurodevelopment; Baylor College of Medicine; staphylococcal enterotoxin B; Neurocognition; Human; Immunopathology; Pediatrics; Cytokine; AIDS; Immune deficiency; Infection; Association; Immunology; Sleep; Viral disease; Adolescent; Sleep wake cycle; Behavior; Intracellular; Child
• ISSN: 1521-6616; 1521-7035
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2012.04.004

Abstract Youth infected with HIV at birth often have sleep disturbances, neurocognitive deficits, and abnormal psychosocial function which are associated with and possibly resulted from elevated blood cytokine levels that may lead to a decreased quality of life. To identify molecular pathways that might be associated with these disorders, we evaluated 38 HIV-infected and 35 uninfected subjects over 18-months for intracellular cytokine levels, sleep patterns and duration of sleep, and neurodevelopmental abilities. HIV infection was significantly associated with alterations of intracellular pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-12), sleep factors (total time asleep and daytime sleep patterns), and neurocognitive factors (parent and patient reported problems with socio-emotional, behavioral, and executive functions; working memory–mental fatigue; verbal memory; and sustained concentration and vigilance. By better defining the relationships between HIV infection, sleep disturbances, and poor psychosocial behavior and neurocognition, it may be possible to provide targeted pharmacologic and procedural interventions to improve these debilitating conditions.