The Differential Influence of Immunological Process of Autoimmune Disease on Lipid Metabolism: A Study on RA and SLE

• Published in: Indian journal of clinical biochemistry Vol. 34; no. 1; pp. 52 - 59
• Main Authors: Chandrashekara, S., Dhote, Sachin Vithalrao, Anupama, K. R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Delhi Springer India 01-01-2019; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Analysis; Arthritis; Autoimmune diseases; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Cardiac patients; Cardiovascular diseases; Care and treatment; Cell number; Chemistry/Food Science; Cholesterol; Density; Disease; Health risks; High density lipoprotein; Homocysteine; Immunology; Inflammation; Life Sciences; Lipid metabolism; Lipids; Low density lipoprotein; Medical research; Medical treatment; Medicine, Experimental; Metabolism; Microbiology; Original; Original Research Article; Pathology; Physiological aspects; Rheumatoid arthritis; Rheumatoid factor; Risk factors; Statistical analysis; Systemic lupus erythematosus; Triglycerides; Uric acid; Serum uric acid; Atherogenic index; Immunopathologic process; Lipid metabolism; Autoimmune diseases; Inflammatory process
• ISSN: 0970-1915; 0974-0422
• DOI: 10.1007/s12291-017-0715-9

Metabolic parameters like uric acid, lipids and homocysteine are influenced by immunopathological mechanisms underlying the autoimmune disease processes. The current study examined the differences in these parameters and the correlation between inflammatory and metabolic variables in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. The cross-sectional prospective study included 24 treatment-naïve patients with moderate to severe diseases-15 subjects had RA and 9 had SLE. Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was used to assess the cardiovascular risk of the patients. Spearman’s correlation was performed to verify the relationship between inflammatory and metabolic parameters. A two-tailed
P
 < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all the analysis. SLE patients had higher uric acid levels, very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio (TC/HDL-C) and logarithmic ratio of triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol (log[TG/HDL-C]) than RA. Whereas, reduced total lymphocyte count, lipoprotein(a), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were noted in the former than latter group. Majority of the SLE patients had increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (> 0.24 AIP score) and RA patients in comparison had lower risk. Correlation among serum uric acid, lipid profile constituents and AIP was noted. The immunological process of SLE has greater impact on the metabolic parameters. Higher uric acid levels are suggestive of dysfunctional lipid profile. Understanding the implications of risk factors and its inflammatory role in autoimmune processes may assist in disease management.