Endothelial cells in dengue hemorrhagic fever

• Published in: Antiviral research Vol. 109; pp. 160 - 170
• Main Authors: Srikiatkhachorn, Anon, Kelley, James F.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier B.V 01-09-2014; Elsevier
• Subjects: Animals; Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents; Antiviral agents; Antiviral Agents - pharmacology; Arboviral haemorrhagic fevers; Arboviroses; Biological and medical sciences; Dengue fevers; Dengue hemorrhagic fever; Dengue virus; Dengue Virus - drug effects; Dengue Virus - physiology; Endothelial barrier integrity; Endothelial cells; Endothelial Cells - immunology; Endothelial Cells - virology; Endothelium, Vascular - immunology; Endothelium, Vascular - virology; Human viral diseases; Humans; Infectious diseases; Medical sciences; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Severe Dengue - immunology; Severe Dengue - therapy; Severe Dengue - virology; Tropical viral diseases; Vascular leak; Viral diseases; DF; Endothelial barrier integrity; DHF; IL; Dengue hemorrhagic fever; NS; VEGF; ICAM-1; Dengue virus; SCID; Endothelial cells; IFN; MMP; VCAM-1; S1P; DC-SIGN; DENV; CLEC5A; Vascular leak; Hemorrhagic fever; Endothelial cell; Dengue; Flavivirus; Care; Endothelium; Infection; Virus; Viral disease; Dengue group virus; Arbovirus disease; Flaviviridae
• ISSN: 0166-3542; 1872-9096
• DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.07.005

•Dengue viruses cause a substantial global disease burden each year.•Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) may involve endothelial cell dysfunction and vascular leak.•Endothelial barrier integrity may be altered by viral and host factors.•Therapies targeting viral and host factors may improve DHF outcomes.•Human and laboratory animal studies are needed to pinpoint mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction and test new therapies.
Therapies to prevent or reverse endothelial dysfunction and vascular leak found in dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) have not been identified. In this review we summarize dengue viruses and the spectrum of human disease and highlight evidence of endothelial cell dysfunction in DHF based on studies in patients and mouse and tissue culture models. Evidence suggests that both virus antigen and host immune response, can cause endothelial cell dysfunction and weaken endothelial barrier integrity. We suggest possible therapeutic interventions and highlight how therapies targeting altered endothelial function might be evaluated in animal models and in patients with DHF.