Dose-response effect of prebiotic ingestion (β-glucans isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in diabetic rats with periodontal disease

• Published in: Diabetology and metabolic syndrome Vol. 13; no. 1; pp. 1 - 111
• Main Authors: Azzi, Diana Vilela, de Jesus Pereira, Andressa Naira, de Oliveira Silva, Viviam, de Carvalho Foureaux, Renata, Lima, Andressa Ribeiro Veiga, Barducci, Robson Sfaciotti, Albuquerque, Adriana Silva, Reis, Gabriel Lasmar, de Oliveira, Raphael Ricon, Andrade, Eric Francelino, Zangeronimo, Márcio Gilberto, Chalfun-Júnior, Antonio, Pereira, Luciano José
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London BioMed Central Ltd 18-10-2021; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Alveolar bone; Animals; Blood sugar; Bone loss; Cholesterol; Comorbidity; Cyclooxygenase-2; Cytokines; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Disease; Dosage and administration; Gene expression; Glucans; Glucose; Gum disease; High density lipoprotein; IL-1β; Inflammation; Inflammatory status; Lipoproteins (very low density); Low density lipoprotein; Low density lipoproteins; Metabolism; Molars; Osteoprotegerin; Periodontal diseases; Periodontitis; Prebiotics; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Sample size; Software; Streptozocin; TRANCE protein; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Variance analysis; β-Glucan; β-glucans; Brazil; United States > US
• ISSN: 1758-5996; 1758-5996
• DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00729-1

Background Periodontal disease is one of the most frequent comorbidities in diabetic patients and can contribute to poor blood glucose control. Objective To evaluate the effects of ingesting different doses of beta-glucans (BG) isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae on alveolar bone loss (ABL) and inflammatory/metabolic parameters in normal and diabetic rats with ligature-induced periodontal disease (PD). Design Sixty male rats were assigned into two groups: non-diabetic or diabetic (i.p. 70 mg/kg streptozotocin) with PD. Then, groups were subdivided into five subgroups according BG doses: 0 mg/Kg; 10 mg/Kg; 20 mg/Kg; 40 mg/Kg or 80 mg/Kg. Animals received BG for 28 days and ligatures were placed on lower first molars during the last 14 days. Results ABL of diabetic and non-diabetic animals receiving BG 40 mg/kg (1.33 [+ or -] 0.03 mm and 0.77 [+ or -] 0.07 mm, respectively) and 80 mg/kg (1.26 [+ or -] 0.07 mm and 0.78 [+ or -] 0.05 mm, respectively) doses was lower (p < 0.05) in comparison to respective controls (1.59 [+ or -] 0.11 mm and 0.90 mm [+ or -]0.08). COX-2 (Control: 1.66 [+ or -] 0.12; 40 mg/kg: 1.13 [+ or -] 0.07; 80 mg/kg: 0.92 [+ or -] 0.18) and RANKL expressions (Control: 1.74 [+ or -] 0.34; 40 mg/kg: 1.03 [+ or -] 0.29 ;80 mg/kg: 0.75 [+ or -] 0.21), together with the RANKL/OPG ratio (Control: 1.17 [+ or -] 0.08; 40 mg/kg: 0.67 [+ or -] 0.09; 80 mg/kg: 0.63 [+ or -] 0.28) were attenuated above the same dose (p < 0.05). BG did not influence (p > 0.05) metabolic parameters in non-diabetic rats. In diabetic animals, doses above 40 mg/kg reduced IL-1[beta] (Control: 387 [+ or -] 66; 40 mg/kg: 309 [+ or -] 27; 80 mg/kg: 300 [+ or -] 14) and TNF-[alpha] (Control: 229 [+ or -] 19; 40 mg/kg: 128 [+ or -] 53; 80 mg/kg: 71 [+ or -] 25), blood glucose levels (Control: 402 [+ or -] 49; 40 mg/kg: 334 [+ or -] 32; 80 mg/kg: 287 [+ or -] 56), total cholesterol (Control: 124 [+ or -] 8; 40 mg/kg: 120 [+ or -] 10; 80 mg/kg: 108 [+ or -] 9), LDL-c + VLDL-c (Control: 106 [+ or -] 8; 40 mg/kg: 103 [+ or -] 10; 80 mg/kg: 87 [+ or -] 10) and triacylglycerols (Control: 508 [+ or -] 90; 40 mg/kg: 301 [+ or -] 40; 80 mg/kg: 208 [+ or -] 61), whereas increased HDL-c (Control: 18 [+ or -] 0.5; 40 mg/kg: 19 [+ or -] 1; 80 mg/kg: 21 [+ or -] 1) (p < 0.05). Optimal dose needed to reduce ABL was higher in diabetic animals with PD. Conclusions BG ingestion reduced ABL and improved inflammatory profile in a dose-dependent manner. Best effects were achieved with doses above 40 mg/kg. Keywords: Periodontitis, Diabetes mellitus, Bone loss, Inflammatory status, [beta]-glucans