Improved biological performance of Ti implants due to surface modification by micro-arc oxidation

• Published in: Biomaterials Vol. 25; no. 14; pp. 2867 - 2875
• Main Authors: Li, Long-Hao, Kong, Young-Min, Kim, Hae-Won, Kim, Young-Woon, Kim, Hyoun-Ee, Heo, Seong-Joo, Koak, Jai-Young
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 01-06-2004
• Subjects: Animals; Biocompatibility; Bone Screws; Cell Differentiation; Cell Division; Cell Line, Tumor; Coated Materials, Biocompatible - chemistry; Electrochemistry - methods; Electromagnetic Fields; Female; Humans; In vitro; In vivo; Materials Testing; Osseointegration; Osteoblasts - pathology; Osteosarcoma - pathology; Oxidation; Prostheses and Implants; Rabbits; Surface Properties; Tibia - pathology; Tibia - physiopathology; Tibia - surgery; Titanium; Titanium - chemistry; Titanium - radiation effects; Titanium; Osseointegration; In vivo; Biocompatibility; Oxidation; In vitro
• ISSN: 0142-9612; 1878-5905
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.09.048

The surface of a titanium (Ti) implant was modified by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) treatment. A porous layer was formed on the Ti surface after the oxidation treatment. The phase and morphology of the oxide layer were dependent on the voltage applied during the oxidation treatment. With increasing voltage, the roughness and thickness of the film increased and the TiO
2 phase changed from anatase to rutile. During the MAO treatment, Ca and P ions were incorporated into the oxide layer. The in vitro cell responses of the specimen were also dependant on the oxidation conditions. With increasing voltage, the ALP activity increased, while the cell proliferation rate decreased. Preliminary in vivo tests of the MAO-treated specimens on rabbits showed a considerable improvement in their osseointegration capability as compared to the pure titanium implant.