Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Toxocara canis Infection in Children

• Published in: TheScientificWorld Vol. 2013; no. 2013; pp. 1 - 4
• Main Authors: Bustamante Montes, Lilia P., Ponce Macotela, Martha, Yañez Arteaga, Selene, Mendoza Martínez, Germán David, Romero Núñez, Camilo, Ramírez Durán, Ninfa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Publishing Corporation 01-01-2013; John Wiley & Sons, Inc; Hindawi Limited
• Subjects: Adolescent; Age; Age Distribution; Animals; Antibodies; Body mass; Body mass index; Body size; Child; Child, Preschool; Children; Comorbidity; Diseases; Dogs; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Epidemiology; Female; Females; Hand Disinfection; Humans; Hygiene; Infections; Laboratories; Male; Males; Malnutrition; Malnutrition - epidemiology; Meals; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Mexico - epidemiology; Nutrition; Obesity - epidemiology; Parasitology; Prevalence; Prevalence studies (Epidemiology); Risk analysis; Risk Factors; Roundworm infections; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Serology; Sex differences; Statistical tests; Toxocara canis; Toxocara canis - isolation & purification; Toxocariasis; Toxocariasis - epidemiology; Toxocariasis - parasitology; Vegetables; Mexico; Brazil; India
• ISSN: 2356-6140; 1537-744X; 1537-744X
• DOI: 10.1155/2013/572089

The objective of this study was to determine seroprevalence and identify risk factors associated with Toxocara canis infection. A clinical and epidemiological questionnaire and body mass index were used to assess the risk factors associated with human toxocariasis in 108 children with an age range of 2–16 years. Antibodies against Toxocara canis were detected using an ELISA test kit. Chi-square analysis and odds ratio (OR) were used to identify risk factors associated with Toxocara canis seropositivity. The prevalence of antibodies against Toxocara canis was greater (P=0.02) in males than females (28.84% and 16.07%, resp.). Chi-square analysis and odds ratio revealed just one variable with P<0.05, and OR>1.0 was associated with seropositivity: the possession of dogs under one year old (OR=1.78). Although not significant, the OR values suggest that other factors may be epidemiologically important for Toxocara presence such as not washing hands before meals, malnutrition, obesity, and use of public parks. Children in the age group >12 and <16 years old had higher seroprevalence to Toxocara canis (17.59%) than the >2 and <11 years old age group (4.62%). Toxocariosis infection needs to be prevented by pet deworming and hygienic measures after contact with dogs.