Mobility Device Use in Older Adults and Incidence of Falls and Worry About Falling: Findings from the 2011-2012 National Health and Aging Trends Study

• Published in: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (JAGS) Vol. 63; no. 5; pp. 853 - 859
• Main Authors: Gell, Nancy M., Wallace, Robert B., LaCroix, Andrea Z., Mroz, Tracy M., Patel, Kushang V.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-05-2015; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Accidental Falls - statistics & numerical data; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anxiety - epidemiology; Canes - statistics & numerical data; Cross-Sectional Studies; Falls; Female; Geriatrics; Handicapped assistance devices; Health Surveys; Humans; Incidence; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Mobility; mobility devices; Walkers - statistics & numerical data; Wheelchairs - statistics & numerical data; worry about falls; mobility devices; worry about falls; falls
• ISSN: 0002-8614; 1532-5415
• DOI: 10.1111/jgs.13393

Objectives
To examine the prevalence of mobility device use in community‐dwelling older adults in the United States and to investigate the incidence of falls and worry about falling according to type and number of mobility devices used.
Design
Analysis of cross‐sectional and longitudinal data from the 2011–12 National Health and Aging Trends Study.
Setting
In‐person interviews in the homes of study participants.
Participants
Nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries (n = 7,609).
Measurements
Participants were asked about mobility device use (e.g., canes, walkers, wheelchairs and scooters) in the last month, 1‐year fall history and worry about falling.
Results
Twenty‐four percent of adults aged 65 and older reported mobility device use in 2011, and 9.3% reported using multiple devices within the last month. Mobility device use increased with advancing age and was associated with nonwhite race and ethnicity, female sex, lower education level, greater multimorbidity, and obesity (all P < .001). Adjusting for demographic and health characteristics and physical function, the incidence of falls and recurrent falls was not associated with the use of multiple devices or any particular type of mobility device. Activity‐limiting worry about falling was significantly higher in cane‐only users than in nonusers.
Conclusion
The percentage of older adults reporting mobility device use is higher than results from previous national surveys, and multiple device use is common in those who use any device. Mobility device use is not associated with greater incidence of falls. Cane‐only users may compensate for worry about falling by limiting activity.