Epidemiology and Spatial Emergence of Anaplasmosis, New York, USA, 2010‒2018

• Published in: Emerging infectious diseases Vol. 27; no. 8; pp. 2154 - 2162
• Main Authors: Russell, Alexis, Prusinski, Melissa, Sommer, Jamie, OConnor, Collin, White, Jennifer, Falco, Richard, Kokas, John, Vinci, Vanessa, Gall, Wayne, Tober, Keith, Haight, Jamie, Oliver, JoAnne, Meehan, Lisa, Sporn, Lee Ann, Brisson, Dustin, Backenson, P. Bryon
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Atlanta U.S. National Center for Infectious Diseases 01-08-2021; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
• Subjects: Adults; Anaplasma phagocytophilum; Anaplasmosis; Arachnids; bacteria; Emerging communicable diseases; Epidemiology; Epidemiology and Spatial Emergence of Anaplasmosis, New York, USA, 2010‒2018; Health risks; Health surveillance; Infections; Ixodes scapularis; Laboratories; Lyme disease; Pathogens; Patients; Population density; Public health; Risk factors; Spatial analysis; Statistics; Surveillance; tick-borne diseases; tick-borne infections; United States; New York; United States > US; Minnesota
• ISSN: 1080-6040; 1080-6059
• DOI: 10.3201/eid2708.210133

Human granulocytic anaplasmosis, a tickborne disease caused by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum, was first identified during 1994 and is now an emerging public health threat in the United States. New York state (NYS) has experienced a recent increase in the incidence of anaplasmosis. We analyzed human case surveillance and tick surveillance data collected by the NYS Department of Health for spatiotemporal patterns of disease emergence. We describe the epidemiology and growing incidence of anaplasmosis cases reported during 2010–2018. Spatial analysis showed an expanding hot spot of anaplasmosis in the Capital Region, where incidence increased >8-fold. The prevalence of A. phagocytophilum increased greatly within tick populations in the Capital Region over the same period, and entomologic risk factors were correlated with disease incidence at a local level. These results indicate that anaplasmosis is rapidly emerging in a geographically focused area of NYS, likely driven by localized changes in exposure risk.