Duodenal Dual-Wavelength Photobiomodulation Improves Hyperglycemia and Hepatic Parameters with Alteration of Gut Microbiome in Type 2 Diabetes Animal Model

• Published in: Cells (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 11; no. 21; p. 3490
• Main Authors: Min, Se Hee, Kwon, Jinhee, Do, Eun-Ju, Kim, So Hee, Kim, Eun Sil, Jeong, Jin-Yong, Bae, Sang Mun, Kim, Sang-Yeob, Park, Do Hyun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01-11-2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Alkaline phosphatase; Animal models; Animals; Bacteroides; Beta cells; Care and treatment; Catheters; Cholesterol; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Disease Models, Animal; dual-wavelength; Duodenum; Duodenum - metabolism; Duodenum - pathology; Endoscopy; Enzymes; Experiments; Fasting; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gastrointestinal surgery; GIP protein; Glucagon; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Glucose; Glucose Intolerance; Glucose tolerance; Health aspects; Hyperglycemia; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Intestinal microflora; Intolerance; Light emitting diodes; light-emitting diode; Liver; Liver - metabolism; Metabolic disorders; Metabolism; Methods; microbiome; Microbiomes; Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms); Ostomy; Pancreas; photobiomodulation; Phototherapy; Radiation; Rats; Small intestine; Type 2 diabetes; Wavelength; South Korea; United States > US; Japan; photobiomodulation; type 2 diabetes; light-emitting diode; dual-wavelength; microbiome; duodenum
• ISSN: 2073-4409; 2073-4409
• DOI: 10.3390/cells11213490

Recently, the duodenum has garnered interest for its role in treating metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Multiple sessions of external photobiomodulation (PBM) in previous animal studies suggested it resulted in improved hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance with a multifactorial mechanism of action, despite the target organ of PBM not being clearly proven. This study aimed to determine whether a single session of a duodenal light-emitting diode (LED) PBM may impact the T2DM treatment in an animal model.
Goto-Kakizaki rats as T2DM models were subjected to PBM through duodenal lumen irradiation, sham procedure, or control in 1-week pilot (630 nm, 850 nm, or 630/850 nm) and 4-week follow-up (630 nm or 630/850 nm) studies. Oral glucose tolerance tests; serum glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, and insulin levels; liver chemistry and histology; and gut microbiome in the PBM, sham control, and control groups were evaluated.
In the 1-week study, duodenal dual-wavelength (D, 630/850 nm) LED PBM showed improved glucose intolerance, alkaline phosphatase and cholesterol levels, and weight gain than other groups. The D-LED PBM group in the 4-week study also showed improved hyperglycemia and liver enzyme levels, with relatively preserved pancreatic islets and increased serum insulin and GLP-1 levels. Five genera (
,
,
,
, and
) were significantly enriched 1 week after the D-LED PBM.
significantly increased, while Lachnospiraceae significantly decreased after 1 week.
A single session of D-LED PBM improved hyperglycemia and hepatic parameters through the change of serum insulin, insulin resistance, insulin expression in the pancreatic β-cells, and gut microbiome in T2DM animal models.