Echocardiographic and Clinical Correlates of Ejection Fraction Among 2000 Patients with Heart Failure in Western Saudi Arabia

• Published in: International journal of general medicine Vol. 13; pp. 281 - 288
• Main Authors: Subki, Ahmed Hussein, Almalki, Mohammed Ali, Butt, Nadeem Shafique, Alsallum, Mohammed Saad, Almutairi, Hatim Mashan, Khatib, Hazim Abdulkarim, Alzahrani, Abdulrahman Mousa, Babaker, Abdullah Salem, Addas, Firas Abdulrahman, Mashat, Abdullah Abdulfattah, Jad, Ammar Yasser, Zafar, Zohair Abdulwahab, Nogali, Baraa Waleed, Alghamdi, Abdulaziz Abdulsalam, Alghamdi, Nasser Adel, Dakhakhni, Mohanad Fahad, Asaad, Omar Tamer, Alghalayini, Kamal Waheeb
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Zealand Dove Medical Press Limited 01-01-2020; Dove; Dove Medical Press
• Subjects: Cardiac patients; Comparative analysis; echocardiography; ejection fraction; Heart failure; hfmref; hfpef; hfref; Medical research; Original Research; saudi arabia; Saudi Arabia; Saudi Arabia; heart failure; ejection fraction; echocardiography; HFpEF; HFrEF; HFmrEF
• ISSN: 1178-7074; 1178-7074
• DOI: 10.2147/IJGM.S251924

Heart failure (HF) affects about 320,000 Saudi individuals and is associated with a considerable negative impact on the patients' quality of life. In literature, there is a lack of data about the echocardiographic abnormalities of HF patients in Saudi Arabia.
To describe the echocardiographic findings of HF patients in Western Saudi Arabia.
This was a retrospective record review study conducted on 2000 patients with chronic HF in Saudi Arabia. Demographic, clinical and echocardiographic data were collected and compared among patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), ie, EF≤40%; HF with mid-range EF (HFmrEF), ie, EF=41-49%; and HF with preserved EF (HFpEF), ie, EF≥50%.
Among the 2000 patients studied, females constituted 46.3% of the sample. About 52% of females had HFpEF, whilst 70% of males had HFrEF (p<0.0001). Diastolic dysfunction occurred in 98% of HFpEF versus 78% of HFrEF (p<0.0001). Patients with HFrEF had higher left-ventricular diastolic (LVd) volume (1536 versus 826), higher left-ventricular systolic (LVs) volume (1660 vs 772), higher left atrial volume (1344 vs 875), higher aortic root dimension (1144 vs 929) and lower fractional shortening (FS) (267 vs 1213) than patients with HFpEF (p<0.0001).
HFpEF was more common among females and was associated with higher rates of diastolic dysfunction and higher FS. HFrEF was prevalent among males and associated with higher LVd, LVs, left atrium volume and aortic root dimensions.