Clinical Significance of Wide QRS Complexes at the Termination of Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardias

• Published in: Journal of Nippon Medical School Vol. 69; no. 6; pp. 525 - 533
• Main Authors: Endoh, Yasumi, Atarashi, Hirotsugu, Hayakawa, Hirokazu, Nagasawa, Kouichi, Kishida, Hiroshi, Takano, Teruo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan The Medical Association of Nippon Medical School 2002
• Subjects: antiarrhythmic drug; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia; Tachycardia, Paroxysmal - physiopathology; Tachycardia, Supraventricular - physiopathology; vagal tone; ventricular premature contraction; wide QRS complex
• ISSN: 1345-4676; 1347-3409
• DOI: 10.1272/jnms.69.525

Background: A wide QRS complex is not a rare electrocardiographic phenomenon at the termination of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), but no plausible underlying mechanism has yet been proposed. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the frequency and the underlying mechanism of the wide QRS complexes at the termination of PSVT. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 305 electrocardiograms (ECGs) from 100 patients, on which PSVT termination was recorded. The frequency of the wide QRS complexes was analyzed in 181 ECGs to avoid duplication, because there were 124 ECGs obtained from the same patients with same methods. The 181 ECGs were divided by morphology into three groups: Type A, termination with wide QRS complex without pause; Type B, wide QRS complex following initial pause after termination; Type C, wide QRS complex following the first narrow QRS after termination. Results: The wide QRS complex was recorded in 81/181 (44.8%) ECGs (Type A; 3/81 (3.7%), Type B; 44/81 (54.3%), Type C; 62/81 (55.6%) ) and its frequency was not dependent on the mechanism of PSVT. It was more frequently observed after a long pause, and was frequently induced by procedures that increase vagal tone, such as intravenous adenosine 5'-triphosphate administration (16/22: 72.7%) and vagal stimulation maneuvers (16/32: 50%). There were a total of 41 wide QRS complexes (44.6%) which had a preceding sinus P wave, out of a total of 92 wide QRS complexes in all three types. These 41 wide QRS complexes included 30/44 (68.2%) Type B wide QRS, and 11 (24.4%) Type C wide QRS complexes. Conclusion. The aberrant conduction or escaped ventricular contraction was suggested to be the underlying mechanism of the majority of wide QRS complexes and ventricular premature contraction is less frequent.