Antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. associated with dairy cattle and farm environment having public health significance

• Published in: Veterinary World Vol. 12; no. 7; pp. 984 - 993
• Main Authors: Sobur, Md Abdus, Sabuj, Abdullah Al Momen, Sarker, Ripon, Rahman, A M M Taufiqur, Kabir, S M Lutful, Rahman, Md Tanvir
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Veterinary World 01-07-2019
• Subjects: Antibacterial agents; antibiotic resistance genes; Azithromycin; Bacteria; carbapenem resistance; Cattle industry; Ciprofloxacin; Dairy cattle; dairy farm; Dairy farms; Deoxycholic acid; Environmental aspects; Erythromycin; Escherichia coli; Farms; Genes; Genetic research; Gentamicins; Imipenem; Lysine; Medical tests; Methylene blue; Microbial drug resistance; Milk; Monosaccharides; one-health; Oxytetracycline; Polymerase chain reaction; Public health; Salmonella; Salmonella food poisoning; Salmonella spp; Tetracyclines; Vegetables; virulence; Virulence (Microbiology); Bangladesh; Japan; one-health; Salmonella spp; carbapenem resistance; virulence; Escherichia coli; antibiotic resistance genes; dairy farm
• ISSN: 0972-8988; 2231-0916
• DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.984-993

The present study was carried out to determine load of total bacteria,
and
spp. in dairy farm and its environmental components. In addition, the antibiogram profile of the isolated bacteria having public health impact was also determined along with identification of virulence and resistance genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) under a one-health approach.
A total of 240 samples of six types (cow dung - 15, milk - 10, milkers' hand wash - 10, soil - 10 water - 5, and vegetables - 10) were collected from four dairy farms. For enumeration, the samples were cultured onto plate count agar, eosin methylene blue, and xylose-lysine deoxycholate agar and the isolation and identification of the
and
spp. were performed based on morphology, cultural, staining, and biochemical properties followed by PCR.The pathogenic strains of
, and
were also identified through PCR. The isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility test against 12 commonly used antibiotics by disk diffusion method. Detection of antibiotic resistance genes
, and
were performed by PCR.
The mean total bacterial count,
and
spp. count in the samples ranged from 4.54±0.05 to 8.65±0.06, 3.62±0.07 to 7.04±0.48, and 2.52±0.08 to 5.87±0.05 log colony-forming unit/g or ml, respectively. Out of 240 samples, 180 (75%) isolates of
and 136 (56.67%) isolates of
spp. were recovered through cultural and molecular tests. Among the 180
isolates, 47 (26.11%) were found positive for the presence of all the three virulent genes, of which
was the most prevalent (13.33%). Only three isolates were identified as enterohemorrhagic
. Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that both
and
spp. were found highly resistant to azithromycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, oxytetracycline, and ertapenem and susceptible to gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem. Among the four antibiotic resistance genes, the most observable was
(80.51-84.74%) in
and
spp. and
genes were the lowest one (22.06-25%).
Dairy farm and their environmental components carry antibiotic-resistant pathogenic
and
spp. that are potential threat for human health which requires a one-health approach to combat the threat.