Seizure control in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsies: EEG determinants of medication response

• Published in: Epilepsy & behavior Vol. 17; no. 4; pp. 525 - 530
• Main Authors: Szaflarski, Jerzy P, Lindsell, Christopher J, Zakaria, Tarek, Banks, Christi, Privitera, Michael D
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01-04-2010
• Subjects: Adult; Anticonvulsants - therapeutic use; Electroencephalography; Electroencephalography - methods; Epilepsy, Generalized - drug therapy; Epilepsy, Generalized - physiopathology; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Idiopathic generalized epilepsies; Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy; Male; Medication response; Neurology; Retrospective Studies; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors; Valproic acid; Idiopathic generalized epilepsies; Electroencephalography; Medication response; Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy; Valproic acid
• ISSN: 1525-5050; 1525-5069
• DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2010.02.005

Abstract In a minority of patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsies (IGEs), seizures continue despite appropriate treatment. We sought to determine the clinical and EEG factors associated with medication response in these patients. All patients with IGEs evaluated by epilepsy specialists between 17 November 2008 and 16 November 2009 were included. We collected information on seizure freedom (dependent variable), EEG asymmetries, response to valproic acid (VPA), MRI characteristics, medication use, demographics, and seizure history (predictors). We identified 322 patients with IGEs; 45 (14%) were excluded from analyses because they had always had a normal EEG ( N = 26), there were no EEG data ( N = 3), or they were non-compliant with medication ( N = 26). Patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy were more likely to respond to VPA than were patients with other IGEs, and VPA response was associated with seizure freedom. When EEG characteristics were considered, presence of any focal EEG abnormalities (focal slowing, focal epileptiform discharges, or both) was associated with decreased odds of seizure freedom. These findings suggest that patients with IGEs with poor seizure control may have atypical IGEs with possibly focal, for example, frontal, rather than thalamic onset.