Analysis of Antioxidant and Antiviral Effects of Olive ( Olea europaea L.) Leaf Extracts and Pure Compound Using Cancer Cell Model

• Published in: Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 13; no. 2; p. 238
• Main Authors: Pennisi, Rosamaria, Ben Amor, Ichrak, Gargouri, Bochra, Attia, Hamadi, Zaabi, Rihab, Chira, Ahlem Ben, Saoudi, Mongi, Piperno, Anna, Trischitta, Paola, Tamburello, Maria Pia, Sciortino, Maria Teresa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 27-01-2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Ammonium; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - pharmacology; antiviral activity; Apoptosis; c-Fos protein; c-Jun protein; Cancer; Cancer cells; Catalase; Cell growth; Glutathione peroxidase; HeLa Cells; herpes simplex virus 1; Humans; Identification and classification; innate immune response; Iridoids; Leaves; Lipid peroxidation; Materia medica, Vegetable; Neoplasms; Nitric oxide; Olea - metabolism; Olea europaea; Olea europaea L; oleuropein; Olive; Oxidative stress; Phosphorylation; Plant extracts; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Polyphenols; Properties; Signal transduction; Transcription factors; Italy; Tunisia; United Kingdom > UK; United States > US; Olea europaea L; innate immune response; PKR; herpes simplex virus 1; antiviral activity; oleuropein; oxidative stress
• ISSN: 2218-273X; 2218-273X
• DOI: 10.3390/biom13020238

The present study aims to assess the antioxidant and antiviral effectiveness of leaf extracts obtained from
L. var.
and
L. var.
. The total antioxidant activity was determined via both an ammonium phosphomolybdate assay and a nitric oxide radical inhibition assay. Both extracts showed reducing abilities in an in vitro system and in human HeLa cells. Indeed, after oxidative stress induction, we found that exposition to olive leaf extracts protects human HeLa cells from lipid peroxidation and increases the concentration of enzyme antioxidants such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase. Additionally, OESA treatment affects viral DNA accumulation more than OESY, probably due to the exclusive oleuropein content. In fact, subtoxic concentrations of oleuropein inhibit HSV-1 replication, stimulating the phosphorylation of PKR, c-FOS, and c-JUN proteins. These results provide new knowledge about the potential health benefits and mechanisms of action of oleuropein and oleuropein-rich extracts.