Larval density dependence in Anopheles gambiae s.s., the major African vector of malaria

• Published in: The Journal of animal ecology Vol. 82; no. 1; pp. 166 - 174
• Main Authors: Muriu, Simon M, Coulson, Tim, Mbogo, Charles M, Godfray, H. Charles J, Boots, Mike
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Blackwell Publishing 01-01-2013; Blackwell; Blackwell Publishing Ltd
• Subjects: adults; Africa; Animal and plant ecology; Animal ecology; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Animals; Anopheles - physiology; Anopheles gambiae; Biological and medical sciences; Breeding sites; density dependence; field experiment; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General aspects; Human ecology; Human protozoal diseases; Humans; Infectious diseases; Insect larvae; Insect Vectors; Larva - physiology; Larvae; Larval development; Malaria; Malaria - transmission; Medical sciences; Mortality; mosquito; Parasitic diseases; Population Density; Population ecology; population size; Predation; Predators; Protozoal diseases; variance; Kenya; Africa; Protozoal disease; Malaria; Insecta; Parasite; Parasitosis; Field experiment; mosquito; Infection; Anopheles gambiae; Larva; Arthropoda; Culicidae; Density dependence; Ectoparasite; Invertebrata; Vector; Diptera
• ISSN: 0021-8790; 1365-2656
• DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12002

Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto is the most important vector of malaria in Africa although relatively little is known about the density‐dependent processes determining its population size. Mosquito larval density was manipulated under semi‐natural conditions using artificial larval breeding sites placed in the field in coastal Kenya; two experiments were conducted: one manipulating the density of a single cohort of larvae across a range of densities and the other employing fewer densities but with the treatments crossed with four treatments manipulating predator access. In the first experiment, larval survival, development rate and the size of the adult mosquito all decreased with larval density (controlling for block effects between 23% and 31% of the variance in the data could be explained by density). In the second experiment, the effects of predator manipulation were not significant, but again we observed strong density dependence in larval survival (explaining 30% of the variance). The results are compared with laboratory studies of A. gambiae larval competition and the few other studies conducted in the field, and the consequences for malaria control are discussed