Glycogen synthase kinase 3β inhibition synergizes with PARP inhibitors through the induction of homologous recombination deficiency in colorectal cancer

• Published in: Cell death & disease Vol. 12; no. 2; pp. 183 - 18
• Main Authors: Zhang, Ning, Tian, Yu-Nan, Zhou, Li-Na, Li, Meng-Zhu, Chen, Hua-Dong, Song, Shan-Shan, Huan, Xia-Juan, Bao, Xu-Bin, Zhang, Ao, Miao, Ze-Hong, He, Jin-Xue
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 15-02-2021; Springer Nature B.V; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 13/1; 13/2; 13/31; 13/51; 13/89; 14/19; 38/77; 42/109; 42/47; 631/67/1059/2326; 631/67/1059/602; 64/60; Anaphase; Antibodies; Antineoplastic drugs; Antitumor agents; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; BRCA1 protein; Cancer; Cell Biology; Cell Culture; Colorectal cancer; Colorectal carcinoma; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; DNA biosynthesis; DNA damage; Drug screening; Genetic diversity; Glycogen; Glycogen synthase kinase 3; High-throughput screening; Homologous recombination; Homologous recombination repair; Immunology; Kinases; Life Sciences; mRNA; Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; Ribose; Spindles; Toxicity; Tumor cell lines
• ISSN: 2041-4889; 2041-4889
• DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03475-4

Monotherapy with poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors results in a limited objective response rate (≤60% in most cases) in patients with homologous recombination repair (HRR)-deficient cancer, which suggests a high rate of resistance in this subset of patients to PARP inhibitors (PARPi). To overcome resistance to PARPi and to broaden their clinical use, we performed high-throughput screening of 99 anticancer drugs in combination with PARPi to identify potential therapeutic combinations. Here, we found that GSK3 inhibitors (GSK3i) exhibited a strong synergistic effect with PARPi in a panel of colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines with diverse genetic backgrounds. The combination of GSK3β and PARP inhibition causes replication stress and DNA double-strand breaks, resulting in increased anaphase bridges and abnormal spindles. Mechanistically, inhibition or genetic depletion of GSK3β was found to impair the HRR of DNA and reduce the mRNA and protein level of BRCA1. Finally, we demonstrated that inhibition or depletion of GSK3β could enhance the in vivo sensitivity to simmiparib without toxicity. Our results provide a mechanistic understanding of the combination of PARP and GSK3 inhibition, and support the clinical development of this combination therapy for CRC patients.