The relationship of supportive roles with mental health and satisfaction with life in female household heads in Karaj, Iran: a structural equations model

• Published in: BMC public health Vol. 21; no. 1; pp. 1 - 1643
• Main Authors: Shadabi, Nooshin, Saeieh, Sara Esmaelzadeh, Qorbani, Mostafa, Babaheidari, Touran Bahrami, Mahmoodi, Zohreh
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London BioMed Central Ltd 08-09-2021; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Families & family life; Female household heads; Health problems; Households; Housewives; Imprisonment; Likert scale; Mathematical models; Mental disorders; Mental health; Mental health care; Psychological aspects; Questionnaires; Satisfaction; Satisfaction with life; Social aspects; Social interactions; Social networks; Social support; Socioeconomic factors; Structural equations; Supportive roles; Validity; Women; Iran
• ISSN: 1471-2458; 1471-2458
• DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11656-1

Abstract
Background
Female household heads are faced with more problems than men due to their multiple concurrent roles. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship of supportive roles with mental health and satisfaction with life in female household heads in Karaj, Iran using a structural equations model.
Methods
The present descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 286 eligible female household heads in Karaj, Iran, in 2020, who were selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected using Vaux’s Social Support, the perceived social support scale, the general health questionnaire (GHQ), and the satisfaction with life questionnaire plus a socio-demographic checklist, and were analyzed in SPSS-16 and Lisrel-8.8.
Results
The participants’ mean age was 43.1 ± 1.7 years. According to the path analysis results, satisfaction with life had the highest direct positive relationship with perceived social support (B = 0.33) and the highest indirect positive relationship with age (B = 0.13) and the highest direct and indirect positive relationship with education and social support (B = 0.13). Also, mental health had a direct negative relationship with satisfaction with life (B = -0.29), an indirect negative relationship with social support, and both a direct and indirect negative relationship with perceived support (B = -0.26).
Conclusion
Based on the results, supportive roles had a negative relationship with mental health; in other words, mental health problems increase as supportive roles decrease. They also had a positive relationship with satisfaction with life in female household heads.
Accordingly, given the status and role of women in the health of family members and the community and their greater vulnerability, further attention and support should be directed toward these women by the government and relevant organizations like establishment of counseling-support centers.