Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identifies molecular pathways and hub genes involved in broiler White Striping and Wooden Breast myopathies

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 11; no. 1; p. 1776
• Main Authors: Bordini, Martina, Zappaterra, Martina, Soglia, Francesca, Petracci, Massimiliano, Davoli, Roberta
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 19-01-2021; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 631/208/1348; 631/208/199; Animals; Chickens; Collagen (type IV); Collagen Type IV - genetics; Collagen Type IV - metabolism; Endoplasmic reticulum; Extracellular matrix; Extracellular Matrix - physiology; Gene expression; Gene Expression - genetics; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation - genetics; Humanities and Social Sciences; Meat; Meat - analysis; Molecular modelling; multidisciplinary; Muscles; Muscular Diseases - genetics; Muscular Diseases - pathology; Pectoralis Muscles - metabolism; Poultry Diseases - genetics; Poultry Diseases - pathology; Protein folding; Protein turnover; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Unfolded Protein Response - genetics
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81303-7

In recent years, the poultry industry has experienced an increased incidence of myopathies affecting breasts of fast-growing broilers, such as
White Striping
(WS) and
Wooden Breast
(WB) defects. To explore the molecular mechanisms and genes involved in WS and WB onset, we decided to perform a Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) using the gene expression profile and meat quality parameters of
Pectoralis major
muscles analysed in our previous study. Among the 212 modules identified by WGCNA, the red, darkred, midnightblue and paleturquoise4 modules were chosen for subsequent analysis. Functional analysis evidenced pathways involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, collagen metabolism, cellular signaling and unfolded protein response. The hub gene analysis showed several genes coding for ECM components as the most interconnected nodes in the gene network (e.g.
COL4A1
,
COL4A2
,
LAMA2
,
LAMA4
,
FBLN5
and
FBN1
). In this regard, this study suggests that alterations in ECM composition could somehow activate the cascade of biological reactions that result in the growth-related myopathies onset, and the involvement of Collagen IV alterations in activating the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response may be hypothesized. Therefore, our findings provide further and innovative knowledge concerning the molecular mechanisms related to the breast abnormalities occurrence in modern broilers.