Plasmonic nanostar photocathodes for optically-controlled directional currents

• Published in: Nature communications Vol. 11; no. 1; p. 1367
• Main Authors: Pettine, Jacob, Choo, Priscilla, Medeghini, Fabio, Odom, Teri W., Nesbitt, David J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 13-03-2020; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 147/135; 147/143; 639/624/1107; 639/624/400/1021; 639/925/357; Angular velocity; Electron sources; Geometry; Humanities and Social Sciences; Image reconstruction; Lasers; Linear polarization; Mapping; multidisciplinary; Nanoelectronics; Nanotechnology devices; Optical control; Photocathodes; Photoelectric effect; Photoelectric emission; Polarization; Scanning electron microscopy; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Steering; Tips; Velocity
• ISSN: 2041-1723; 2041-1723
• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15115-0

Plasmonic nanocathodes offer unique opportunities for optically driving, switching, and steering femtosecond photocurrents in nanoelectronic devices and pulsed electron sources. However, angular photocurrent distributions in nanoplasmonic systems remain poorly understood and are therefore difficult to anticipate and control. Here, we provide a direct momentum-space characterization of multiphoton photoemission from plasmonic gold nanostars and demonstrate all-optical control over these currents. Versatile angular control is achieved by selectively exciting different tips on single nanostars via laser frequency or linear polarization, thereby rotating the tip-aligned directional photoemission as observed with angle-resolved 2D velocity mapping and 3D reconstruction. Classical plasmonic field simulations combined with quantum photoemission theory elucidate the role of surface-mediated nonlinear excitation for plasmonic field enhancements highly concentrated at the sharp tips (
R
tip
 = 3.4 nm). We thus establish a simple mechanism for femtosecond spatiotemporal current control in designer nanosystems.
Photocurrent control in nanoscale systems offers opportunities for nanoelectronic devices and ultrafast imaging applications. Here, the authors show by means of angle-resolved two-dimensional velocity mapping that angular photoemission distributions can be controlled by varying the polarization and frequency of the laser.