The length of susceptibility vessel sign predicts early neurological deterioration in minor acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion

• Published in: BMC neurology Vol. 21; no. 1; pp. 1 - 421
• Main Authors: He, Lanying, Wang, Jian, Wang, Feng, Zhang, Lili, Zhang, Lijuan, Zhao, Wang, Weng, Xiechuan, Xu, Fan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London BioMed Central Ltd 29-10-2021; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Acute minor stroke; Blood clots; Complications and side effects; Contraindications; Diagnosis; Early neurological deterioration; Glucose; Hemorrhage; Hypertension; Ischemia; Large vessel occlusion; Magnetic resonance imaging; Medical imaging; Occlusion; Patients; Software; Stroke; Stroke (Disease); Susceptibility vessel sign; Veins & arteries; China; Germany
• ISSN: 1471-2377; 1471-2377
• DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02455-7

Background Patients with acute large vessel occlusion (LVO) presenting with minor stroke are at risk of early neurological deterioration (END). The present study aimed to evaluate the frequency and potential predictors of END in patients with medical management and LVO presenting with minor stroke. The relationship between SVS length and END was also investigated. Methods This was a prospective multicenter study. Consecutive patients were collected with anterior circulation. LVO presented with minor stroke [National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) [less than or equai to] 4] within 24 h following onset. END was defined as a deterioration of NIHSS [greater than or equai to]4 within 24 h, without parenchymal hemorrhage. The length of the susceptibility vessel sign (SVS) was measured using the T2* gradient echo imaging. Results A total of 134 consecutive patients with anterior circulation LVO presenting with minor stroke were included. A total of 27 (20.15%) patients experienced END following admission. Patients with END exhibited longer SVS and higher baseline glucose levels compared with subjects lacking END (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis indicated that the optimal cutoff point SVS length for END was SVS [greater than or equai to] 9.45 mm. Multivariable analysis indicated that longer SVS [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 2.03; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.45-2.84; P < 0.001] and higher baseline glucose (aOR,1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.03; P = 0.009) levels were associated with increased risk of END. When SVS [greater than or equai to] 9.45 mm was used in the multivariate logistic regression, SVS [greater than or equai to] 9.45 mm (aOR, 5.41; 95%CI, 1.00-29.27; P = 0.001) and higher baseline glucose [aOR1.01; 95%CI, 1.00-1.03; P = 0.021] were associated with increased risk of END. Conclusions END was frequent in the minor stroke patients with large vessel occlusion, whereas longer SVS and higher baseline glucose were associated with increased risk of END. SVS [greater than or equai to] 9.45 mm was a powerful independent predictor of END. Keywords: Acute minor stroke, Susceptibility vessel sign, Large vessel occlusion, Early neurological deterioration