Association between Plasma Trace Element Concentrations in Early Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Shanghai, China

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 15; no. 1; p. 115
• Main Authors: Wu, Ting, Li, Tao, Zhang, Chen, Huang, Hefeng, Wu, Yanting
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 27-12-2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Age; Apolipoproteins; Body mass index; Case-Control Studies; China - epidemiology; Cholesterol; Cohort analysis; Diabetes in pregnancy; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes, Gestational; Drug dosages; Fasting; Feces; Female; Food and nutrition; Gestational diabetes; gestational diabetes mellitus; Glucose; Health aspects; Humans; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Insulin resistance; Laboratories; LASSO regression; Manganese; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Measurement; Multiple births; nickle; Physiological aspects; Plasma; Pregnancy; Pregnancy complications; Pregnancy Trimester, First; Pregnant women; quantile g-computation; restricted cubic spline; Risk; Risk factors; Risk reduction; Statistical methods; Trace Elements; Trace elements in nutrition; Womens health; China; United States > US; LASSO regression; trace elements; nickle; restricted cubic spline; gestational diabetes mellitus; quantile g-computation; BKMR models
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu15010115

(1) Background: Trace elements play important roles in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but the results from reported studies are inconsistent. This study aimed to examine the association between maternal exposure to V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, and Se in early pregnancy and GDM. (2) Methods: A nested case-control study with 403 GDM patients and 763 controls was conducted. Trace elements were measured using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in plasma collected from pregnant women in the first trimester of gestation. We used several statistical methods to explore the association between element exposure and GDM risk. (3) Results: Plasma V and Ni were associated with increased and decreased risk of GDM, respectively, in the single-element model. V and Mn were found to be positively, and Ni was found to be negatively associated with GDM risk in the multi-element model. Mn may be the main contributor to GDM risk and Ni the main protective factor against GDM risk in the quantile g computation (QGC). 6.89 μg/L~30.88 μg/L plasma Ni was identified as a safe window for decreased risk of GDM. (4) Conclusions: V was positively associated with GDM risk, while Ni was negatively associated. Ni has dual effects on GDM risk.