Bioactive Inorganic Materials for Dental Applications: A Narrative Review

• Published in: Materials Vol. 15; no. 19; p. 6864
• Main Authors: Almulhim, Khalid S, Syed, Mariam Raza, Alqahtani, Norah, Alamoudi, Marwah, Khan, Maria, Ahmed, Syed Zubairuddin, Khan, Abdul Samad
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01-10-2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Alumina; amorphous calcium phosphate; Amorphous materials; Bibliometrics; bioactive glass; bioactive materials; Bioceramics; Biocompatibility; Bioglass; Biological activity; Biological properties; Biomedical engineering; Biomedical materials; Calcium phosphate; Calcium phosphates; calcium silicate; Calcium silicates; Ceramic materials; Ceramics; Chemical composition; Dental materials; Dentin; Dentistry; Enamel; Endodontics; Hydroxyapatite; Inorganic materials; Mechanical properties; Orthopedics; Phosphatase; Physical properties; Review; Surgery; Technology application; Wear resistance; United Kingdom; Netherlands; bioceramics; hydroxyapatite; bioactive glass; calcium silicate; dental applications; dentistry; amorphous calcium phosphate; bioactive materials
• ISSN: 1996-1944; 1996-1944
• DOI: 10.3390/ma15196864

Over time, much attention has been given to the use of bioceramics for biomedical applications; however, the recent trend has been gaining traction to apply these materials for dental restorations. The bioceramics (mainly bioactive) are exceptionally biocompatible and possess excellent bioactive and biological properties due to their similar chemical composition to human hard tissues. However, concern has been noticed related to their mechanical properties. All dental materials based on bioactive materials must be biocompatible, long-lasting, mechanically strong enough to bear the masticatory and functional load, wear-resistant, easily manipulated, and implanted. This review article presents the basic structure, properties, and dental applications of different bioactive materials i.e., amorphous calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, tri-calcium phosphate, mono-calcium phosphate, calcium silicate, and bioactive glass. The advantageous properties and limitations of these materials are also discussed. In the end, future directions and proposals are given to improve the physical and mechanical properties of bioactive materials-based dental materials.