HPV and Cervical Cancer: Molecular and Immunological Aspects, Epidemiology and Effect of Vaccination in Latin American Women

• Published in: Viruses Vol. 16; no. 3; p. 327
• Main Authors: Hernández-Silva, Christian David, Ramírez de Arellano, Adrián, Pereira-Suárez, Ana Laura, Ramírez-López, Inocencia Guadalupe
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 21-02-2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Cell cycle; Cervical cancer; Epidemiology; Female; Genes; Genotypes; Growth factors; Heparan sulfate; HPV; Human papillomavirus; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Humans; Immune response; Immune system; immunological aspects; Infections; Kinases; Latin America; Latin America - epidemiology; Malignancy; Papillomaviridae - genetics; Papillomavirus infections; Papillomavirus Infections - epidemiology; Papillomavirus Infections - prevention & control; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Prevention; Proteins; Public health; Review; Risk factors; Skin; Statistics; Transcription factors; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - epidemiology; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - pathology; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - prevention & control; Vaccination; Vaccines; Womens health; Latin America; epidemiology; immunological aspects; vaccines; cervical cancer; HPV; Latin America
• ISSN: 1999-4915; 1999-4915
• DOI: 10.3390/v16030327

Cervical cancer is primarily caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and remains a significant public health concern, particularly in Latin American regions. This comprehensive narrative review addresses the relationship between Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer, focusing on Latin American women. It explores molecular and immunological aspects of HPV infection, its role in cervical cancer development, and the epidemiology in this region, highlighting the prevalence and diversity of HPV genotypes. The impact of vaccination initiatives on cervical cancer rates in Latin America is critically evaluated. The advent of HPV vaccines has presented a significant tool in combating the burden of this malignancy, with notable successes observed in various countries, the latter due to their impact on immune responses. The review synthesizes current knowledge, emphasizes the importance of continued research and strategies for cervical cancer prevention, and underscores the need for ongoing efforts in this field.