Prevalence and patterns of premenstrual disorders and possible association with sexual harassment: a cross-sectional study of young Arab women

• Published in: BMC women's health Vol. 22; no. 1; p. 536
• Main Authors: AbdelQadir, Yossef Hassan, Assar, Ahmed, Abdelghafar, Yomna Ali, Kamal, Manar Ahmed, Zaazouee, Mohamed Sayed, Elsayed, Sarah Makram, Ragab, Khaled Mohamed, Nabhan, Ayman Essa, Gamaleldin, Nahla Ahmed
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 21-12-2022; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Arabs; Complications and side effects; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Health aspects; Humans; Menstruation Disturbances; Post-traumatic stress disorder; Premenstrual dysphoric disorder; Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder - diagnosis; Premenstrual syndrome; Premenstrual Syndrome - diagnosis; Prevalence; Psychological aspects; Quality of Life; Risk factors; Sexual Harassment; Young Adult; Young women; Middle East; Premenstrual syndrome; Prevalence; Sexual harassment; Premenstrual dysphoric disorder; Young women
• ISSN: 1472-6874; 1472-6874
• DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-02130-0

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) represent a range of both psychiatric and physical symptoms that impair quality of life and interfere with daily activities in females.
To assess the prevalence of PMS and PMDD in Egypt, Jordan and Syria, its demographic associations and the potential link to sexual harassment (SH).
We used an Arabic version of the premenstrual symptoms screening tool (PSST) to assess the prevalence of PMS and PMDD. Another two-part questionnaire was used to assess the harassment experience.
22,021 women agreed to fill the questionnaire; the majority (65%) aged 18-25 years old. PMS was more prevalent in Egyptian women 77.7% followed by women from Jordan 72.9% then Syria 66.3%. PMDD prevalence followed the same order (40%, 34.7% and 28.2%). Both conditions were significantly associated with obesity and working in medical careers (P = .001). 5733 women agreed to share their sexual harassment experience. Results showed a significant association between the diversity and frequency of sexual harassment and the frequency of the pre-menstrual conditions, PMS Frequency was 87.6%, 80.7% and 78% in participants who were harassed on daily basis Vs. once weekly or monthly vs. few times in their lifetime (p = .04). A similar statistically significant difference was noticed regarding having PMDD (66.4% vs. 47.6% vs. 42.5%).
The study showed high levels of both PMS and PMDD. The data provided by this study also sheds light on a potential link between SH and developing Pre-menstrual disorders.