Identification and characterization of Streptomyces flavogriseus NJ-4 as a novel producer of actinomycin D and holomycin

• Published in: PeerJ (San Francisco, CA) Vol. 5; p. e3601
• Main Authors: Wei, Zhaohui, Xu, Chao, Wang, Juan, Lu, Fengxia, Bie, Xiaomei, Lu, Zhaoxin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States PeerJ. Ltd 19-07-2017; PeerJ, Inc; PeerJ Inc
• Subjects: Actinomycin D; Agar; Antibiotics; Antifungal activity; Antifungal agents; Antimicrobial activity; Antimicrobial agents; Antitumor activity; Bacteria; Biosynthesis; Biotechnology; Cancer therapies; Carbon; Chemistry; Chemotherapy; Cytotoxicity; Dactinomycin; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; E coli; Escherichia coli; Fermentation; Gastric cancer; Glucose; Hepatocellular carcinoma; High-performance liquid chromatography; Holomycin; Lung cancer; Medical research; Microbiology; Morphology; NJ-4; Pharmaceuticals; Physiology; Properties; RNA polymerase; Streptomyces; Streptomyces flavogriseus; Studies; Yersinia; China; Actinomycin D; Antitumor activity; Streptomyces flavogriseus; Holomycin; NJ-4
• ISSN: 2167-8359; 2167-8359
• DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3601

This paper is the first public report that
can produce both actinomycin D and holomycin. The actinomycete strain NJ-4 isolated from the soil of Nanjing Agricultural University was identified as
. This
strain was found for the first time to produce two antimicrobial compounds that were identified as actinomycin D and holomycin. GS medium, CS medium and GSS medium were used for the production experiments. All three media supported the production of actinomycin D, while holomycin was detected only in GS medium and was undetectable by HPLC in the CS and GSS media. The antimicrobial activity against
,
,
,
,
and
was tested using the agar well diffusion method. Actinomycin D exhibited strong antagonistic activities against all the indicator strains. Holomycin exhibited strong antagonistic activities against
,
and
and had antifungal activity against
and
but had no antifungal activity against
. The cell viability was determined using an MTT assay. Holomycin exhibited cytotoxic activity against A549 lung cancer cells, BGC823 gastric cancer cells and HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The yield of actinomycin D from
NJ-4 was 960 mg/l.
NJ-4 exhibits a distinct capability and has the industrial potential to produce considerable yields of actinomycin D under unoptimized conditions.