Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for Clostridium difficile infection: Focus on immunocompromised patients

Abstract Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is an emerging problem worldwide associated with significant morbidity, mortality, recurrence rates and healthcare costs. Immunosuppressed patients, including HIV-seropositive individuals, solid organ transplant recipients, patients with malignancies, h...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy Vol. 21; no. 4; pp. 230 - 237
Main Authors:	Di Bella, Stefano, Gouliouris, Theodore, Petrosillo, Nicola
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 01-04-2015
Subjects:	Adult Aged Clostridium difficile Clostridium Infections - epidemiology Clostridium Infections - therapy Fecal microbiota transplantation Fecal Microbiota Transplantation - adverse effects Fecal Microbiota Transplantation - statistics & numerical data Female FMT Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Immunocompromised Immunocompromised Host Male Microbiota Middle Aged Treatment Outcome Young Adult Microbiota FMT Fecal microbiota transplantation Clostridium difficile Immunocompromised
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Summary:	Abstract Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is an emerging problem worldwide associated with significant morbidity, mortality, recurrence rates and healthcare costs. Immunosuppressed patients, including HIV-seropositive individuals, solid organ transplant recipients, patients with malignancies, hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, and patients with inflammatory bowel disease are increasingly recognized as being at higher risk of developing CDI where it may be associated with significant complications, recurrence, and mortality. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has proven to be an effective and safe procedure for the treatment of recurrent or refractory CDI in immunocompetent patients by restoring the gut microbiota and resistance to further recurrences. During the last two years the first data on FMT in immunocompromised patients began to appear in the medical literature. Herein we summarize the use of FMT for the treatment of CDI with a focus on immunocompromised patients.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2
ISSN:	1341-321X 1437-7780
DOI:	10.1016/j.jiac.2015.01.011