Local innate and adaptive immune responses regulate inflammatory cell influx into the lungs after vaccination with formalin inactivated RSV

• Published in: Vaccine Vol. 29; no. 15; pp. 2730 - 2741
• Main Authors: Kruijsen, Debby, Schijf, Marcel A, Lukens, Michaël V, van Uden, Nathalie O, Kimpen, Jan L, Coenjaerts, Frank E, van Bleek, Grada M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 24-03-2011; Elsevier; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Adaptive Immunity; Allergy; Allergy and Immunology; Aluminum; animal models; Animals; Applied microbiology; Biological and medical sciences; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; CD8-positive T-lymphocytes; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; dendritic cells; Dendritic Cells - immunology; formalin; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Hypersensitivity; Immune system; Immunity, Innate; Infections; inflammation; Influenza; Influenza virus; intravenous injection; Lung - immunology; Lungs; Lymphocytes; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microbiology; Orthomyxoviridae; Pneumonia, Viral - immunology; Pneumonia, Viral - pathology; Proteins; Respiratory syncytial virus; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines - immunology; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses - immunology; Th2 Cells - immunology; Vaccination; Vaccines; Vaccines, antisera, therapeutical immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies (general aspects); Vaccines, Inactivated - immunology; Viral infections; viruses; bone marrow derived DC; Allergy; BM-DC; FI-RSV; moi; Vaccination; FI-mock; BAL; IMDM; formalin inactivated mock; multiplicity of infection; RSV; Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Medium; SEM; formalin inactivated RSV; standard error of the mean; respiratory syncytial virus; bronchoalveolar lavage; dendritic cell; DC; Respiratory syncytial virus; Immunopathology; Regulation(control); Immune response; Lung; Natural immunity; Inflammation; Respiratory system
• ISSN: 0264-410X; 1873-2518
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.01.087

Abstract Inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines tend to predispose for immune mediated enhanced disease, characterized by Th2 responses and airway hypersensitivity reactions. We show in a C57BL/6 mouse model that the early innate response elicited by the challenge virus (RSV versus influenza virus) influences the outcome of the Th1/Th2 balance in the lung after intramuscular priming with inactivated vaccine. Priming of CD4+ /IFN-γ+ T cells by mature dendritic cells administered intravenously and/or priming of a virus specific CD8+ T cell response ameliorated the Th2-mediated inflammatory response in the lung, suggesting that vaccination procedures are feasible that prevent vaccine induced immune pathology.