Genetic polymorphisms as determinants of pesticide toxicity: Recent advances

• Published in: Toxicology reports Vol. 6; pp. 564 - 570
• Main Authors: Teodoro, Michele, Briguglio, Giusi, Fenga, Concettina, Costa, Chiara
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ireland Elsevier B.V 01-01-2019; Elsevier
• Subjects: Carcinogens; Gene-environment interactions; Genetic polymorphisms; Occupational health; Pesticides; Gene-environment interactions; Occupational health; Carcinogens; Genetic polymorphisms; Pesticides
• ISSN: 2214-7500; 2214-7500
• DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.06.004

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•Genetic polymorphisms may influence pesticides-induced oxidative damage.Pesticides modulate immune-system cells functionality, leading to the onset of a dangerous pro-inflammatory microenvironment.•DNA repair genes, Cytochrome P450 s, PON and GST genes have a key role in the metabolism of xenobiotics.•Many workers are professionally exposed to pesticides with potential health consequences.
Occupational and environmental exposure to pesticides may induce harmful effects on human health by promoting the development of a wide range of disorders. Some of the most recently hypothesized mechanisms are oxidative stress and epigenetic modifications, however biological effects seem to be modulated mainly by the occurrence of genetic polymorphisms. The susceptibility to exposure can be evaluated by studying the most common polymorphisms of genes involved in the metabolism of organophosphorus compounds (cytochrome P450, glutathione transferase, acetyltransferases or paraoxonase 1). The aim of this article is to review recent literature data concerning the influence of genetic polymorphisms on pesticides-induced oxidative damage.