Effect of mycorrhizal fungi on the phytoextraction of weathered p, p-DDE by Cucurbita pepo

• Published in: Journal of hazardous materials Vol. 137; no. 3; pp. 1750 - 1757
• Main Authors: White, Jason C., Ross, Daniel W., Gent, Martin P.N., Eitzer, Brian D., Mattina, MaryJane Incorvia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 11-10-2006; Elsevier
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Biodegradation, Environmental; Biomass; Cucurbita - chemistry; Cucurbita - metabolism; Cucurbita - microbiology; Cucurbita pepo; Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene - analysis; Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene - chemistry; Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene - metabolism; Exact sciences and technology; Mycorrhizae - physiology; Persistent organic pollutants; Phytoextraction; Phytoremediation; Plant Roots - chemistry; Plant Roots - metabolism; Plant Roots - microbiology; Pollution; Soil - analysis; Zucchini; Zucchini; Cucurbita pepo; Persistent organic pollutants; Phytoextraction; Phytoremediation; Growing season; Biomass; Uptake; Persistent organic pollutant; Pollution; Decontamination; Bioremediation; Biological accumulation
• ISSN: 0304-3894; 1873-3336
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.05.012

Field experiments were conducted to assess the impact of inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi on the accumulation of weathered
p,
p′-DDE from soil by three cultivars of zucchini (
Cucurbita pepo spp.
pepo cv Costata Romanesco, Goldrush, Raven). Three commercially available mycorrhizal products (BioVam, Myco-Vam™, INVAM) were inoculated into the root system of the zucchini seedlings at planting. In agreement with our previous findings, plants not inoculated with fungi accumulated large but variable amounts of contaminant, with root bioconcentration factors (BCFs, ratio of
p,
p′-DDE, on a dry weight basis, in the root to that in the soil) ranging from 10 to 48 and stem BCFs ranging from 5.5 to 11. The total amount of contaminant phytoextracted during the 62 day growing season ranged from 0.72–2.9%. The effect of fungal inoculation on the release of weathered
p,
p′-DDE from soil and on the subsequent uptake of the parent compound by zucchini appeared to vary at the cultivar level. For Goldrush, fungal inoculation generally decreased tissue BCFs but because of slightly larger biomass, did not significantly impact the percent contaminant phytoextracted. Alternatively, for Costata, BioVam and Myco-Vam™ generally enhanced
p,
p′-DDE accumulation from soil, and increased the amount of contaminant phytoextracted by up to 34%. For Raven, BioVam reduced contaminant uptake whereas Myco-Vam
TM and INVAM increased contaminant phytoextraction by 53 and 60%, respectively. The data show that fungal inoculation may significantly increase the remedial potential of
C. pepo ssp.
pepo. The apparent cultivar specific response to mycorrhizal inoculation is unexpected and the subject of ongoing investigation.