Glucose-driven transformable complex eliminates biofilm and alleviates inflamm-aging for diabetic periodontitis therapy

• Published in: Materials today bio Vol. 20; p. 100678
• Main Authors: Tang, Rongbing, Ren, Yanrong, Zhang, Yueting, Yin, Mengying, Ren, Xinyu, Zhu, Qiangyuan, Gao, Cen, Zhang, Wei, Liu, Guangxiu, Liu, Bin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01-06-2023; Elsevier
• Subjects: Biofilm penetration; Full Length; Hyperglycemia; Imflamm-aging; Periodontitis; Transformable complex; Hyperglycemia; Biofilm penetration; Transformable complex; Periodontitis; Imflamm-aging
• ISSN: 2590-0064; 2590-0064
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100678

Diabetic periodontitis is a major complication of diabetes, which has a deep involvement in teeth loss and more serious systematic diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis and cancers. Diabetic periodontitis is difficult to treat because of recalcitrant infection and hyperglycemia-induced tissue dysfunction. Current treatments fail to completely eliminate infection due to the diffusion-reaction inhibition of biofilm, and ignore the tissue dysfunction. Here, we design a glucose-driven transformable complex, composed of calcium alginate (CaAlg) hydrogel shell and Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) core encapsulating Glucose oxidase (GOx)/Catalase (CAT) and Minocycline (MINO), named as CaAlg@MINO/GOx/CAT/ZIF-8 (CMGCZ). The reaction product of glucose-scavenging, gluconic acid, could dissolve ZIF-8 core and transform CMGCZ from inflexible to flexible, facilitating the complex to overcome the diffusion-reaction inhibition of biofilm. Meanwhile, reduced glucose concentration could ameliorate the pyroptosis of macrophages to decrease the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, thereby reducing inflamm-aging to alleviate periodontal dysfunction.
Schematic illustration described the composition and deformation of CMGCZ. After the ZIF-8 core was degraded by gluconic acid generated by GOx, the residual CaAlg shell become flexible, and it could protect GOx, CAT and MINO in dental plaque biofilm through physical isolation and carry its content to penetrate dental plaque biofilm. [Display omitted]
•The diffusion-reaction inhibition of biofilm contributes to recalcitrant infection.•Hyperglycemia induces pyroptosis of macrophages causing inflamm-aging in periodontal tissue.•The complex overcomes diffuse-reaction inhibition of biofilm via glucose-driven transformation.•The complex degrades glucose to alleviate inflamm-aging to reduce tissue dysfunction.