Nonhost Resistance of Barley Is Successfully Manifested Against Magnaporthe grisea and a Closely Related Pennisetum-Infecting Lineage but Is Overcome by Magnaporthe oryzae

• Published in: Molecular plant-microbe interactions Vol. 19; no. 9; pp. 1014 - 1022
• Main Authors: Zellerhoff, N, Jarosch, B, Groenewald, J.Z, Crous, P.W, Schaffrath, U
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: St Paul, MN APS Press 01-09-2006; The American Phytopathological Society
• Subjects: actin; Actins - genetics; Bacterial plant pathogens; barley; Biological and medical sciences; calmodulin; Calmodulin - genetics; cell-death; disease resistance; DNA, Fungal - analysis; DNA, Fungal - genetics; DNA, Plant - analysis; DNA, Plant - genetics; foxtail millet; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; fungal diseases of plants; Fungal plant pathogens; Fungal Proteins - genetics; genes; genetic cross; genetic resistance; genetic variation; Hordeum - genetics; Hordeum - microbiology; Hordeum vulgare; host plants; host range; host species-specificity; host-pathogen relationships; hypersensitive response; identification; Immunity, Innate - genetics; Magnaporthe; Magnaporthe - classification; Magnaporthe - genetics; Magnaporthe - growth & development; Magnaporthe grisea; Magnaporthe oryzae; MLO; non-host resistance; Oryza - microbiology; papilla; pathogens; Pennisetum; Pennisetum - microbiology; Phylogeny; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection; Plant Diseases - genetics; Plant Diseases - microbiology; Plant Leaves - genetics; Plant Leaves - microbiology; plant pathogenic fungi; plants; Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; primer sets; qPCR; rice blast; rice blast fungus; strain differences; strains; taxonomy; tubulin; Tubulin - genetics; wheat; Monocotyledones; Plant pathogen; Biomass; Phylogeny; Cereal crop; Fungi; hypersensitive response; Oryza sativa; MLO; rice blast; Pennisetum; Gramineae; Eleusine; Angiospermae; Ascomycetes; qPCR; Thallophyta; Zea mays; Hordeum vulgare; Real time; papilla; Polymerase chain reaction; Resistance; Magnaporthe grisea; Isolate; Herbaceous plant; Spermatophyta; Detection; Digitaria; Triticum aestivum
• ISSN: 0894-0282; 1943-7706
• DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-19-1014

Magnaporthe oryzae is a major pathogen of rice (Oryza sativa L.) but is also able to infect other grasses, including barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Here, we report a study using Magnaporthe isolates collected from other host plant species to evaluate their capacity to infect barley. A nonhost type of resistance was detected in barley against isolates derived from genera Pennisetum (fontaingrass) or Digitaria (crabgrass), but no resistance occurred in response to isolates from rice, genus Eleusine (goosegrass), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), or maize (Zea mays L.), respectively. Restriction of pathogen growth in the nonhost interaction was investigated microscopically and compared with compatible interactions. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify fungal biomass in both types of interaction. The phylogenetic relationship among the Magnaporthe isolates used in this study was investigated by inferring gene trees for fragments of three genes, actin, calmodulin, and beta-tubulin. Based on phylogenetic analysis, we could distinguish different species that were strictly correlated with the ability of the isolates to infect barley. We demonstrated that investigating specific host interaction phenotypes for a range of pathogen isolates can accurately highlight genetic diversity within a pathogen population.