Intestinal fungal and parasitic infections in kidney transplant recipients : a multi-center study

• Published in: Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation Vol. 23; no. 4; pp. 677 - 683
• Main Authors: Tahiri, Shahram, Seirafian, Shiva, Tahiri, Dianah, Tazhibi, Mahdi, Hijazi, Sayyid Husayn, Sharifi, Mahran, Harandi, Asghar Amini, Naini, Pardis Imami, Naini, Afsoon Imami, Shahidi, Shahrzad
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation 01-07-2012; Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd; Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
• Subjects: Adult; Care and treatment; Complications; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diagnosis; Entamoebiasis - epidemiology; Female; Health aspects; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Intestinal Diseases - immunology; Intestinal Diseases - microbiology; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic - epidemiology; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic - immunology; Iran - epidemiology; Kidney Transplantation - immunology; Kidneys; Male; Middle Aged; Mycoses; Mycoses - epidemiology; Organ transplant recipients; Parasitic diseases; Prevalence; Transplantation; الأمراض الطفيلية; الأمراض المعدية; الكلى; Iran; Saudi Arabia
• ISSN: 1319-2442; 2320-3838
• DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.98110

Kidney transplant recipients are susceptible to various infections due to the use of immunosuppressive drugs. The present study was performed as studies on the prevalence of intestinal fungal and parasitic infections in kidney transplant recipients are limited. A total of 150 kidney transplant recipients and 225 matched immunocompetent outpatients, who were referred to the laboratory of Noor Hospital, Isfahan, were studied. After recording demographic characteristics, direct test and specific laboratory cultures were carried out on the stool specimens. Patients were instructed on sanitary rules and, during each medical visit, they were reminded of the same. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic and fungal infections was 33.3 % and 58.7 %, respectively, in transplant recipients and 20 % and 51 %, respectively, in the control group; the difference was not statistically significant. The most prevalent intestinal parasite was Entamoeba coli, which was seen in 9.3 % of the study patients and 6.7 % of the controls. The most prevalent fungus was Candida sp., which was seen in 22 % of the study patients and 24.4 % of the control group. Coexisting infection with two or more fungi was seen in 14.8 % and 3.4 % in the case and control groups, respectively ; P < 0.001. Interestingly, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of infection by a single organism between the two groups. However, co-existing infection with two or more species was more prevalent in transplant recipients. We conclude that further investigations are needed to evaluate the pathogenesis of infection with these microorganisms.