Regulatory interactions between two actin nucleators, Spire and Cappuccino

• Published in: The Journal of cell biology Vol. 179; no. 1; pp. 117 - 128
• Main Authors: Quinlan, Margot E, Hilgert, Susanne, Bedrossian, Anaid, Mullins, R. Dyche, Kerkhoff, Eugen
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States The Rockefeller University Press 08-10-2007; Rockefeller University Press
• Subjects: Actins; Actins - metabolism; Animals; Anisotropy; Cellular biology; Drosophila; Drosophila melanogaster - cytology; Drosophila melanogaster - genetics; Drosophila melanogaster - metabolism; Drosophila Proteins - chemistry; Drosophila Proteins - genetics; Drosophila Proteins - metabolism; Fluorescence; Genotype & phenotype; Insects; Microfilament Proteins - chemistry; Microfilament Proteins - genetics; Microfilament Proteins - metabolism; Microfilaments; Microtubules; Microtubules - metabolism; Mutation; Nucleation; Oocytes; Oogenesis; Polymerization; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; Protein Interaction Mapping; Proteins
• ISSN: 0021-9525; 1540-8140
• DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200706196

Spire and Cappuccino are actin nucleation factors that are required to establish the polarity of Drosophila melanogaster oocytes. Their mutant phenotypes are nearly identical, and the proteins interact biochemically. We find that the interaction between Spire and Cappuccino family proteins is conserved across metazoan phyla and is mediated by binding of the formin homology 2 (FH2) domain from Cappuccino (or its mammalian homologue formin-2) to the kinase noncatalytic C-lobe domain (KIND) from Spire. In vitro, the KIND domain is a monomeric folded domain. Two KIND monomers bind each FH2 dimer with nanomolar affinity and strongly inhibit actin nucleation by the FH2 domain. In contrast, formation of the Spire-Cappuccino complex enhances actin nucleation by Spire. In Drosophila oocytes, Spire localizes to the cortex early in oogenesis and disappears around stage 10b, coincident with the onset of cytoplasmic streaming.