Investigation of Yellow Fever Virus at the Human-Animal Interface after a Zika Virus Outbreak in Midwest Brazil

• Published in: Microorganisms (Basel) Vol. 12; no. 3; p. 594
• Main Authors: Baranowski, Lis Alvarez, Dias, Helver Gonçalves, Familiar-Macedo, Débora, Sabino-Santos, Gilberto, Herrera, Heitor Miraglia, Slhessarenko, Renata Dezengrini, Dos Santos, Flávia Barreto, Pauvolid-Corrêa, Alex
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01-03-2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Animal human relations; Antibodies; Aquatic insects; Arthropods; Culicidae; Distribution; Fever; Health aspects; Investigations; Laboratories; Metropolitan areas; Monkeys; Mosquitoes; Neutralization; Neutralizing; non-human primates; Outbreaks; Plasma; PRNT; state of Mato Grosso; state of Mato Grosso do Sul; Urban areas; Vector-borne diseases; Vectors; Viruses; Yellow fever; Zika virus; Brazil; United States > US; state of Mato Grosso; PRNT; state of Mato Grosso do Sul; non-human primates
• ISSN: 2076-2607; 2076-2607
• DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12030594

Following the first report of zika virus in March 2015, Brazil experienced its largest sylvatic yellow fever outbreak between 2016 and 2019. This study aimed to investigate the circulation of yellow fever virus (YFV) in non-human primates (NHPs) and mosquitoes collected in urban parks and other metropolitan areas of midwest Brazil between 2017 and 2018. Whole blood samples from 80 NHPs, including 48 black-tailed marmosets (
) and 2332 mosquitoes from six different genera, were collected in the states of Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) and then tested for YFV by RT-qPCR. Additionally, 23 plasma samples of NHPs were tested for neutralizing antibodies for YFV by a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). No YFV RNA or neutralizing antibodies for YFV were detected in NHPs and mosquitoes from MT and MS. The continuous monitoring of YFV circulation in different species of NHPs and vectors in urban areas is instrumental to quickly assess potentially unknown maintenance cycles of yellow fever at the human-animal interface in Brazil.