Relationship between diet and mental health in children and adolescents: a systematic review

Relationship between diet and mental health in children and adolescents: a systematic review

We systematically reviewed 12 epidemiological studies to determine whether an association exists between diet quality and patterns and mental health in children and adolescents; 9 explored the relationship using diet as the exposure, and 3 used mental health as the exposure. We found evidence of a s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of public health (1971) Vol. 104; no. 10; pp. e31 - e42
Main Authors: O'Neil, Adrienne, Quirk, Shae E, Housden, Siobhan, Brennan, Sharon L, Williams, Lana J, Pasco, Julie A, Berk, Michael, Jacka, Felice N
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States American Public Health Association 01-10-2014
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adolescent Health
Anxiety
Behavior
Child
Child development
Children & youth
Cohort analysis
Cross-sectional studies
Diet
Diet - statistics & numerical data
Food
Health care
Humans
Mental depression
Mental disorders
Mental Health
Mental Health - statistics & numerical data
Nutrition/Food
Online Systematic Review
Public health
Risk Factors
Socioeconomic Factors
Studies
Systematic review
Teenagers
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Description
Summary:We systematically reviewed 12 epidemiological studies to determine whether an association exists between diet quality and patterns and mental health in children and adolescents; 9 explored the relationship using diet as the exposure, and 3 used mental health as the exposure. We found evidence of a significant, cross-sectional relationship between unhealthy dietary patterns and poorer mental health in children and adolescents. We observed a consistent trend for the relationship between good-quality diet and better mental health and some evidence for the reverse. When including only the 7 studies deemed to be of high methodological quality, all but 1 of these trends remained. Findings highlight the potential importance of the relationship between dietary patterns or quality and mental health early in the life span.
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Peer Reviewed
A. O’Neil and F. N. Jacka conceptualized the article. A. O’Neil and S. Housden developed the search strategy and conducted the review. S. E. Quirk and S. Housden performed the quality assessment and assisted A. O’Neil in the development of the 1st draft of the article and subsequent revisions. S. L. Brennan oversaw the methodology. F. N. Jacka oversaw the writing of the article. L. J. Williams, J. A. Pasco, and M. Berk contributed to drafts of the article.
Contributors
ISSN:0090-0036
1541-0048
DOI:10.2105/ajph.2014.302110