Seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among blood donors in the early months of the pandemic in Saudi Arabia

• Published in: International journal of infectious diseases Vol. 104; pp. 452 - 457
• Main Authors: Banjar, Ayman, Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A., Alruwaily, Amaal, Alserehi, Haleema, Al-Qunaibet, Ada, Alaswad, Rehab, Almutlaq, Hind, Almudaiheem, Abdullah, Khojah, Abdullah T., Alsaif, Faisal, Almolad, Shaza Karim, Alqahtani, Saeed, AlJurayyan, Abdullah, Alotaibi, Abdullah, Almalki, Safar, Abuhaimed, Yousef, Alkhashan, Abdullah, Alfaifi, Amal, Alabdulkareem, Khaled, Jokhdar, Hani, Assiri, Abdullah, Almudarra, Sami
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Canada Elsevier Ltd 01-03-2021; The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Blood Donors; COVID-19; COVID-19 - epidemiology; COVID-19 - immunology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; IgG antibody; Immunoassay; Immunoglobulin G - blood; Male; Middle Aged; SARS-CoV-2; SARS-CoV-2 - immunology; Saudi Arabia - epidemiology; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Serology; Seroprevalence; Young Adult; Saudi Arabia; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Serology; IgG antibody; Blood donors; Seroprevalence
• ISSN: 1201-9712; 1878-3511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.01.028

•Among blood donors in May 2020, the overall seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 1.4%.•Non-citizens had higher prevalence compared to citizens (OR 13.6, p = 0.001).•There was geographic variation in seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies within Saudi Arabia.
Serologic testing provides better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 prevalence and its transmission. This study was an investigation of the prevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among blood donors in Saudi Arabia.
To estimate the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among blood donors in Saudi Arabia during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Serology results and epidemiological data were analyzed for 837 adult blood donors, with no confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, in Saudi Arabia from 20th to 25th May 2020. Seroprevalence was determined using electrochemical immunoassay to detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
The overall seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 1.4% (12/837). Non-citizens had higher seroprevalence compared with citizens (OR 13.6, p = 0.001). Secondary education was significantly associated with higher seroprevalence compared with higher education (OR 6.8, p = 0.005). The data showed that the highest seroprevalence was in Makkah (8.1%). Uisng Makkah seroprevalence as the reference, the seroprevalence in other areas was: Madinah 4.1% (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.12−1.94), Jeddah 2.3% (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.31−2.25), and Qassim 2.9 % (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.04−2.89) and these were not statistically different from seroprevalence in the Makkah region.
At the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia, the seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among blood donors was low, but was higher among non-citizens. These findings may indicate that non-citizens and less educated individuals may be less attentive to preventive measures. Monitoring seroprevalence trends over time require repeated sampling.