Effect of tetanus-diphtheria (Td) vaccine on immune response to hepatitis B vaccine in healthy individuals with insufficient immune response

• Published in: Journal of research in medical sciences Vol. 20; no. 10; pp. 958 - 962
• Main Authors: Salehi, Maryam, Haghighat, Abbas, Salehi, Hassan, Taleban, Roya, Salehi, Marzieh, Kalbasi, Nader, Moafi, Mohammad, Salehi, Mohammad
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Wolters Kluwer - Medknow Publications 01-10-2015; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd; Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
• Subjects: Antigens; Clinical trials; Cytokines; Editing; Hepatitis; Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) titer; hepatitis B vaccine; Hospitals; Intervention; Kinases; Original; Statistical analysis; Studies; Tetanus; tetanus-diphtheria (Td) vaccine; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Vaccines; tetanus-diphtheria (Td) vaccine; hepatitis B vaccine; Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) titer
• ISSN: 1735-1995; 1735-1995; 1735-7136
• DOI: 10.4103/1735-1995.172784

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) fails to produce appropriate immune responses in some healthy individuals; thus, different strategies have been adopted to promote immune responses. The current study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of HBV vaccine coadministered with tetanus-diphtheria (Td) vaccine compared with HBV vaccine in healthy individuals through measuring hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) levels. Materials and Methods: This was a randomized controlled clinical trial, which was implemented in Isfahan, Isfahan Province (Iran) in 2013. One hundred and forty healthy individuals, whose HBsAb titers were less than 10 IU/L were recruited. The subjects were randomly assigned to either in intervention or control trials. The control group received 40 μg of recombinant HBV vaccines intramuscularly injected at 0, 1, and 6 months; however, the intervention group was simultaneously vaccinated by Td with the first dose of HBV vaccine. HBV antibody levels (titer) were measured before the vaccination and 6 months after the last vaccination. Results: Antibody titers of the subjects in the intervention and control groups increased from 5.07 ± 2.9 IU/L to 744.45 ± 353.07 IU/L and from 4.45 ± 3.4 IU/L to 589.94 ± 353 IU/L, respectively (both P < 0.001). Also, the mean difference of antibody titer was significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.011). Conclusion: Td vaccination can be applied as a feasible approach to promote efficient and persistent immunity in healthy individuals with insufficient HBsAb titers.