Physical Activity and Type 2 Diabetes: In Search of a Personalized Approach to Improving β-Cell Function

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most widespread diseases worldwide. Lifestyle interventions, including diet and physical activity (PA), are fundamental non-pharmacological components of T2DM therapy. Exercise interventions are strongly recommended for people with or at risk of developi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Nutrients Vol. 15; no. 19; p. 4202
Main Authors:	Di Murro, Emanuela, Di Giuseppe, Gianfranco, Soldovieri, Laura, Moffa, Simona, Improta, Ilaria, Capece, Umberto, Nista, Enrico Celestino, Cinti, Francesca, Ciccarelli, Gea, Brunetti, Michela, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Pontecorvi, Alfredo, Giaccari, Andrea, Mezza, Teresa
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Basel MDPI AG 28-09-2023 MDPI
Subjects:	Aerobics Blood sugar Cardiology Diabetes Exercise Exercise therapy Fitness training programs Glucose Homeostasis Insulin resistance Metabolism Overweight Pancreatic beta cells physical activity Physical fitness Prediabetic state Remission (Medicine) Review Strength training Type 2 diabetes β-cell function
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Summary:	Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most widespread diseases worldwide. Lifestyle interventions, including diet and physical activity (PA), are fundamental non-pharmacological components of T2DM therapy. Exercise interventions are strongly recommended for people with or at risk of developing or already with overt diabetes, but adherence to PA guidelines in this population is still challenging. Furthermore, the heterogeneity of T2DM patients, driven by differing residual β-cell functionality, as well as the possibility of practicing different types and intensities of PA, has led to the need to develop tailored exercise and training plans. Investigations on blood glucose variation in response to exercise could help to clarify why individuals do not respond in the same way to PA, and to guide the prescription of personalized treatments. The aim of this review is to offer an updated overview of the current evidence on the effects of different regimens and modalities of PA regarding glucose sensing and β-cell secretory dynamics in individuals with prediabetes or T2DM, with a special focus on β-cell function.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1 These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:	2072-6643 2072-6643
DOI:	10.3390/nu15194202