Enamel biomineralization under the effects of indomethacin and celecoxib non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 12; no. 1; p. 15823
• Main Authors: Gonçalves, Juliana de Lima, Duarte, Ana Caroline Alves, Almeida-Junior, Luciano Aparecido, de Carvalho, Fabrício Kitazono, de Queiroz, Alexandra Mussolino, Arnez, Maya Fernanda Manfrin, Faccioli, Lúcia Helena, Paula-Silva, Francisco Wanderley Garcia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 22-09-2022; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 692/700/3032/3148; 692/700/3032/3159; Anti-inflammatory agents; Cbfa-1 protein; Celecoxib; Chemical elements; Computed tomography; Cyclooxygenase-2; Dental enamel; Dentin sialoprotein; Enamel; Enzymatic activity; Etiology; Humanities and Social Sciences; Immunofluorescence; Immunohistochemistry; Indomethacin; Inflammation; Metalloproteinase; Mineralization; multidisciplinary; Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Nuclear transport; Scanning electron microscopy; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Teeth; Transcription factors; Translocation
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19583-w

The aim of this study was to explore the effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on biomineralization of enamel. Sixty C57Bl6 male mice were used, which were assigned into three groups: celecoxib (n = 20) or indomethacin (n = 20) treatment for a period of 28 days or received no medication (control group, n = 20). Visual inspection and microcomputed tomography were used to analyze enamel morphology. Scanning electron microscopy–Energy dispersive X-ray and Knoop microhardness test were used to quantify chemical element content (Ca, P, C, O) and enamel microhardness, respectively. Tissues were collected to investigate the synthesis, activity or nuclear translocation of metalloproteinase-20, transcription factor
Runx2
, dentin sialoprotein and cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme by means of immunohistochemistry, in situ zymography and indirect immunofluorescence. Treatment with indomethacin and celecoxib reduced the Ca and P content, microhardness and mineral density in enamel. Treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs caused an accumulation of metalloproteinase-20 and overall increased enzymatic activity in enamel matrix, while the synthesis of the transcription factor Runx2 was inhibited by these drugs. Interestingly, indomethacin inhibited Runx2 translocation to the nucleus whereas celecoxib did not. Those findings show that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs impact the enamel biomineralization and could be involved in the etiology tooth enamel defects if used during the period of tooth formation and mineralization.